{"title":"Synthesis of Novel Nanostructured Catalysts for Pyrolysis of Biomass","authors":"Phuong T. Dang, Hy G. Le, Giang T. Pham, Hong T. M. Vu, Kien T, Nguyen, Canh D. Dao, Giang H. Le, Hoa T. K. Tran, Quang K. Nguyen, Tuan A. Vu","volume":96,"journal":"International Journal of Bioengineering and Life Sciences","pagesStart":1371,"pagesEnd":1377,"ISSN":"1307-6892","URL":"https:\/\/publications.waset.org\/pdf\/9999990","abstract":"
Nanostructured catalysts were successfully prepared
\r\nby acidification of diatomite and regeneration of FCC spent catalysts.
\r\nThe obtained samples were characterized by IR, XRD, SEM, EDX,
\r\nMAS-NMR (27Al and 29Si), NH3-TPD and tested in catalytic
\r\npyrolysis of biomass (rice straw). The results showed that the similar
\r\nbio-oil yield of 41.4% can be obtained by pyrolysis with catalysts at
\r\n450oC as compared to that of the pyrolysis without catalyst at 550oC.
\r\nThe bio-oil yield reached a maximum of 42.55% at the pyrolysis
\r\ntemperature of 500oC with catalytic content of 20%. Moreover, by
\r\ncatalytic pyrolysis, bio-oil quality was better as reflected in higher
\r\nratio of H\/C, lower ratio of O\/C. This clearly indicated high
\r\napplication potential of these new nanostructured catalysts in the
\r\nproduction of bio-oil with low oxygenated compounds.<\/p>\r\n","references":"[1] N. W. A. Lindula, N. Mithulananthan, X. Ongsakul, C. Widjaya, R.\r\nHenson, \u201cASEAN towards clean and sustainable: Potentials, utilization\r\nand berries\u201d, Renewable Energy, vol. 32, 2007, pp. 1441-1454.\r\n[2] Truong Nam Hai, \u201cCurrent status of biomass utilization in Viet Nam\u201d,\r\nBiomass-Asia Workshop, 2005.\r\n[3] Tran Huu Thuc, \u201cGeneral statistic office, Statistical yearbook of\r\nVietnam\u201d, Statistical Publishing House, 2006.\r\n[4] R. C. Sun, J. Tonkinson, F. C. Mao, \u201cPhysicochemical characterization\r\nof lignin from rice straw by hydrogen peroxide treatment\u201d, J. Appl.\r\nPolym. Sci., vol. 79, 2001, pp. 719-932.\r\n[5] A. V. Bridgenater, G. Grassi, \u201cBiomass pyrolysis liquids upgrading and\r\nutilization\u201d, England, Elservier Applied Science, 1991.\r\n[6] R. F. Probstein, R. E. Hicks, \u201cSynthetic fuels\u201d, McGraw-Hill Book\r\nCompany, New York, 1982.\r\n[7] J. M. Encina, J. F. Gonzalez, J. Gonzalez, \u201cFixed-bed pyrolysis of\r\ncynara cardunculus. Product and composition\u201d, Fuel Processing\r\nTechnology, vol. 63, 2000, pp. 209-222.\r\n[8] P. McKendry, \u201cEnergy production from biomass (part 2): Conversion\r\ntechnologies\u201d, Bioresour. Technol., vol. 83, 2002, pp. 47-54.\r\n[9] M. N. Islam, M. R. A. Beg, \u201cThe fuel properties of pyrolysis liquid\r\nderived from urban solid wastes in Bangladesh\u201d, Bioresour. Technol.,\r\nvol. 92, 2004, pp. 181-186.\r\n[10] G. W. Huber, J. A. Dumesic, \u201cAn overview of aqueous-phase catalytic\r\nprocesses for production of hydrogen and alkanes in a biorefinery\u201d,\r\nCatal. Today, vol. 111, 2006, pp. 119-132.\r\n[11] P. T. Williams, N. Nugranad, \u201cComparison of products from the\r\npyrolysis and catalytic pyrolysis of rice husks\u201d, Energy, vol. 25, 2000,\r\npp. 493-513.\r\n[12] E. M. Sulman, V. V. Alferov, Yu. Kosivtsov, A. I. Sidorov, O. S.\r\nMisnikov, A.E. Afanasiev, N. Kumar, D. Kubicka, J. Agullo, T. Salmi,\r\nD.Yu. Murzin, \u201cThe development of method of low-temperature peat\r\npyrolysis on the basis of aluminosilicate catalytic system\u201d, Chem. Eng.\r\nJ., vol. 134, 2007, pp. 162-167.\r\n[13] Y. Liu, W. Zhang, T.J. Pinnavaia, \u201cSteam-stable aluminosilicate\r\nmesostructures assembled from zeolite type Y seeds\u201d, J. Am. Chem.\r\nSoc., 122 (2000) 8791.\r\n[14] Y. Liu, W Zhang, T. J. Pinnavaia, Steam-stable MSU-S aluminosilicate\r\nmesostructures assembled from zeolite ZSM-5 and zeolite Beta seeds,\r\nAngew. Chem. Int. Ed., vol. 40, 2001, pp. 1255.\r\n[15] K. S. Triantaflyllidis, T. J. Pinnavaia, A. Iosifidis, P. J. Pomonis,\r\n\u201cSpecific surface area and I-Point evidence for microporosity in\r\nnanostructure MSU-S aluminosilicates assembled from zeolite seeds\u201d,\r\nJournal of Mater. Chem., vol. 17, 2007, pp. 3630.\r\n[16] Z. Jing, Hirotaka, K. Ioku, E. H. Ishida, \u201cHydrothermal Synthesis of\r\nMesoporous Materials from Diatomaceous Earth\u201d, J. AIChE, vol. 53,\r\n2007, pp. 2114.\r\n[17] S. W. Rutherford, J.E. Coons, \u201cWater sorption in silicone foam\r\ncontaining diatomaceous\u201d, J. Colloid Interface Sci, vol. 306, 2007, pp.\r\n228.\r\n[18] Min Lu, Pengmei Lv, Zhenhong Yuan, Huiwen Li, \u201cThe study of\r\nbimetallic Ni\u2013Co\/cordierite catalyst for cracking of tar from biomass\r\npyrolysis\u201d, Renewable Energy, vol. 60, December 2013, pp. 522-528.\r\n[19] Shuai Leng, Xinde Wang, Xiaobo He, Lin Liu, Yue'e Liu, Xing Zhong,\r\nGuilin Zhuang, Jian-guo Wang, \u201cNiFe\/\u03b3-Al2O3: A universal catalyst for\r\nthe hydrodeoxygenation of bio-oil and its model compounds\u201d, Catalysis\r\nCommunications, vol. 41, 5 November 2013, pp. 34-37.\r\n[20] Xun Hu, Caroline Lievens, Daniel Mourant, Yi Wang, Liping Wu,\r\nRichard Gunawan, Yao Song, Chun-Zhu Li, \u201cInvestigation of\r\ndeactivation mechanisms of a solid acid catalyst during esterification of\r\nthe bio-oils from mallee biomass\u201d, Applied Energy, vol. 111, November\r\n2013, pp. 94-103.\r\n[21] Sikander H. Hakim, Brent H. Shanks, James A. Dumesic, \u201cCatalytic\r\nupgrading of the light fraction of a simulated bio-oil over CeZrOx\r\ncatalyst\u201d, Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, vol. 142\u2013143, October\u2013\r\nNovember 2013, pp. 368-376.\r\n[22] Sudhagar Mani, James R. Kastner, Ankita Juneja, \u201cCatalytic\r\ndecomposition of toluene using a biomass derived catalyst\u201d, Fuel\r\nProcessing Technology, vol. 114, October 2013, pp. 118-125.\r\n[23] Ferenc L\u00f3nyi, J\u00f3zsef Valyon, Edward Someus, Jen\u0131 Hancs\u00f3k, \u201cSteam\r\nreforming of bio-oil from pyrolysis of MBM over particulate and\r\nmonolith supported Ni\/\u03b3-Al2O3 catalysts\u201d, Fuel, vol. 112, October\r\n2013, pp. 23-30.\r\n[24] Lei Wang, Dalin Li, Mitsuru Koike, Hideo Watanabe, Ya Xu, Yoshinao\r\nNakagawa, Keiichi Tomishige, \u201cCatalytic performance and\r\ncharacterization of Ni\u2013Co catalysts for the steam reforming of biomass\r\ntar to synthesis gas\u201d, Fuel, vol. 112, October 2013, pp. 654-661.\r\n[25] Xiwei Xu, Enchen Jiang, Bosong Li, Mingfeng Wang, Gang Wang,\r\nQian Ma, Dongdong Shi, Xinhui Guo, \u201cHydrogen production from\r\nwood vinegar of camellia oleifera shell by Ni\/M\/\u03b3-Al2O3 catalyst\u201d,\r\nCatalysis Communications, vol. 39, 5 September 2013, pp. 106-114.\r\n[26] C. E. Greenhalf, D. J. Nowakowski, N. Yates, I. Shield, A. V.\r\nBridgwater, \u201cThe influence of harvest and storage on the properties of\r\nand fast pyrolysis products from Miscanthus x giganteus\u201d, Biomass and\r\nBioenergy, vol. 56, September 2013, pp. 247-259.\r\n[27] K. Chaiwong, T. Kiatsiriroat, N. Vorayos, C. Thararax, \u201cStudy of bio-oil\r\nand bio-char production from algae by slow pyrolysis\u201d, Biomass and\r\nBioenergy, vol. 56, September 2013, pp. 600-606.\r\n[28] Osman San, Remzi G\u00f6ren, Cem \u00d6zg\u00fcr, \u201cPurification of diatomite\r\npowder by acid leaching for use in fabrication of porous ceramics\u201d, Int.\r\nJ. Miner. Process, vol. 93, 2009, pp. 6\u201310.\r\n[29] Chun Hui Zhou, \u201cClay Mineral-based Catalysts and Catalysis\u201d, Applied\r\nClay Science, vol. 53, 2011, pp. 87\u201396.\r\n[30] C. D. Chang, C. T-W. Chu, J. N. Miale, R. F. Bridger, R. B. Calvert,\r\n\u201cAluminum insertion into high silica zeolite frameworks. 1. Reaction\r\nwith aluminum halides\u201d, J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 106, 1984, pp. 8143-\r\n8146.\r\n[31] G. Engelhardt and D. Michel, \u201cHigh-Resolution Solid-State NMR of\r\nSilicates and Zeolites\u201d, John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 1987.\r\n[32] V. F. F. Barbosa, K. J. D. Machenzie and C. Thaumaturgo, \u201cSynthesis\r\nand characterisation of materials based on inorganic polymers of\r\nalumina and silica: sodium polysialate polymers\u201d, Int. J. Inog. Mater.,\r\nvol. 2, 2000, pp. 309.\r\n[33] K. J. D. Mackenzie, I. W. M. Brown, R. H. Meinhold, M. E. Bowden,\r\n\u201cOutstanding Problems in the Kaolinite-Mullite Reaction Sequence\r\nInvestigated by 29Si and 27Al Solid-State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance:\r\nI. Metakaolinite,\u201d J. Am. Ceram. Soc., vol. 68, 1985, pp. 293-297.\r\n[34] P. S. Singh, Tim Bastow, Mark Trigg, \u201cStructural studies of\r\nGeopolymers by 29Si and 27Al MAS-NMR\u201d, Journal of Materials\r\nScience, vol. 40, 2005, p. 3951.\r\n","publisher":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology","index":"Open Science Index 96, 2014"}