@article{(Open Science Index):https://publications.waset.org/pdf/9999416,
	  title     = {A Virtual Electrode through Summation of Time Offset Pulses},
	  author    = {Isaac Cassar and  Trevor Davis and  Yi-Kai Lo and  Wentai Liu},
	  country	= {},
	  institution	= {},
	  abstract     = {Retinal prostheses have been successful in eliciting
visual responses in implanted subjects. As these prostheses progress,
one of their major limitations is the need for increased resolution. As
an alternative to increasing the number of electrodes, virtual
electrodes may be used to increase the effective resolution of current
electrode arrays. This paper presents a virtual electrode technique
based upon time-offsets between stimuli. Two adjacent electrodes are
stimulated with identical pulses with too short of pulse widths to
activate a neuron, but one has a time offset of one pulse width. A
virtual electrode of twice the pulse width was then shown to appear in
the center, with a total width capable of activating a neuron. This can
be used in retinal implants by stimulating electrodes with pulse
widths short enough to not elicit responses in neurons, but with their
combined pulse width adequate to activate a neuron in between them.
},
	    journal   = {International Journal of Bioengineering and Life Sciences},
	  volume    = {8},
	  number    = {9},
	  year      = {2014},
	  pages     = {586 - 591},
	  ee        = {https://publications.waset.org/pdf/9999416},
	  url   	= {https://publications.waset.org/vol/93},
	  bibsource = {https://publications.waset.org/},
	  issn  	= {eISSN: 1307-6892},
	  publisher = {World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology},
	  index 	= {Open Science Index 93, 2014},
	}