The Effect of Sport Specific Exercises on the Visual Skills of Rugby Players
Commenced in January 2007
Frequency: Monthly
Edition: International
Paper Count: 32799
The Effect of Sport Specific Exercises on the Visual Skills of Rugby Players

Authors: P.J. Du Toit, P. Janse Van Vuuren , S. Le Roux , E. Henning, M. Kleynhans, H.C. Terblanche, D. Crafford, C. Grobbelaar, P.S. Wood, C.C. Grant, L. Fletcher

Abstract:

Introduction: Visual performance is an important factor in sport excellence. Visual involvement in a sport varies according to environmental demands associated with that sport. These environmental demands are matched by a task specific motor response. The purpose of this study was to determine if sport specific exercises will improve the visual performance of male rugby players, in order to achieve maximal results on the sports field. Materials & Methods: Twenty six adult male rugby players, aged 16-22, were chosen as subjects. In order to evaluate the effect of sport specific exercises on visual skills, a pre-test - post-test experimental group design was adopted for the study. Results: Significant differences (p≤0.05) were seen in the focussing, tracking, vergence, sequencing, eye-hand coordination and visualisation components Discussion & Conclusions: Sport specific exercises improved visual skills in rugby players which may provide them with an advantage over their opponents. This study suggests that these training programs and participation in regular on-line EyeDrills sports vision exercises (www.eyedrills.co.za) aimed at improving the athlete-s visual coordination, concentration, focus, hand-eye co-ordination, anticipation and motor response should be incorpotated in the rugby players exercise regime.

Keywords: Rugby players, sport specific exercises, visual skills.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1070151

Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 2204

References:


[1] du Toit PJ, Kruger PE, Fowler KF, Govender C, Clark J. Influence of sports vision techniques on adult male rugby players. African Journal for Physical, Health Education, Recreation and Dance 2010;16(3):510-517.
[2] Le Meur Y, Hausswirth C, Mujika I. Tapering for competition: A review. Science & Sports (0).
[3] Brutsaert TD, Parra EJ. What makes a champion? Explaining variation in human athletic performance. Respiratory Physiology and Neurobiology 2006;151:109-123.
[4] Nicholls AR, Backhouse SH, Polman RCJ, McKenna J. Stressors and affective states among professional rugby union players. Scandanavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports 2009;19:121-128.
[5] du Toit PJ, Kruger PE, Mahomed AF, Kleynhans M, Jay-du Preez T, Govender C, et al. The effect of sports vision exercises on the viusal skills of university students. African Journal for Physical, Health Education, Recreation and Dance (submitted) .
[6] Ludeke A, Ferreira JT. The difference in visual skills between professional versus non-professional rugby players. The South African Optometrist 2003;62(4):150-158.
[7] du Toit PJ, Kruger PE, de Wet KB, Van Vuuren B, Van Heerden HJ, Janse van Rensburg C. Influence of exhaustion on metabolism and visual motor performance on professional cricket players. African Journal for Physical, Health Education, Recreation and Dance 2006;12:50-59.
[8] duToit PJ, Kruger PE, De Wet KB, Van Vuuren B, Joubert A, Lottering ML, et al. Transfer effects of eye-hand coordination skills from the right to left cerebral hemispheres in South African schoolboy rugby players. African Journal for Physical, Health Education, Rereation and Dance 2006;12:41-49.
[9] Reilly T, Edwards B. Altered sleep-wake cycles and physical performance in athletes. Physiology and Behaviour 2007;90:274-284.
[10] Sale DG. The effects of exercise on cognitive processess: A review. Psychological Bulletin 1986;99:338-346.
[11] Haywood KM. Use of the image-retina and eye head movement visual systems during coincidence anticipation perfromance. Journal of Sports Sciences 1984;2:139-144.
[12] Granet DB. Objectivity in Sports Vision Testing. International Opthamology Clinics 1988;28:197-198.
[13] du Toit PJ, Kruger PE, Joubert A, Lunsky J. Effects of exercise on the visual performance of female rugby players. African Journal for Physical, Health Education, Recreation and Dance 2007a;13:267-273.
[14] Revien L, Gabor M. Dr. Revien's Eye Exercises for Athletes. New York: Workman Publishing; 1981.
[15] Babu JR, Lillakas L, Irving EL. Dynamics of Saccadic Adaptation: Differences between Athletes and Nonathletes. Optometry and Vision Science 2005;82:1060-1065.
[16] Ferreira JT. Sports Vision as a Hardware and Software System. eyesight 2002.
[17] Tomporowski PD. Effects of acute bouts of exercise on cognition. Acta Psychology. 2003 3;112(3):297-324.
[18] Tomporowski PD, Ellis NR. The effects of exercise on cognitive processes: A review. Psychological Bulletin 1986;99:338-346.
[19] Adam JJ, Teeken JC, Ypelaar PJC, Verstappen FTJ, Paas FWG. Exercised-induced arousal and information processing. International Journal of Sport Psychology 1997;28:217-226.
[20] Brisswalter J, Durand M, Delignieres D, Legros P. Optimal and nonoptimal demand in a dual-task of pedaling and simple reaction time: effects on energy expenditure and cognitive performance. Journal of Human Movement Studies 1995;29:15-24.
[21] Delignieres D, Brisswalter J, Legros P. Influence of physical exercise on choice reaction time in sports experts: the mediating role of resource allocation. Journal of Human Movement Studies 1994;27:173-188.
[22] Chmura J, Nazar K, Kaciuba-Ulscilko H. Choice reaction time during exercise in relation to blood lactate and plasma catecholamine threshold. International Journal of Psychophysiology 1994;15:172-176.
[23] McGlynn GH, Rowe V. The effects of increasing levels of exercise on mental performance. Ergonomics 1979;22:407-414.
[24] McGlynn GH, Laughlin NT, Bender VL. Effects of strenuous to exhaustive exercise on a discrimination task. Perceptual and motor skills 1977;44:1139-1147.
[25] Paas FGWC, Adam JJ. Human information processing during physical exercise. Ergonomics 1991;34:1385-1397.
[26] McMorris T, Graydon J. Effects of exercise on cognitive performance in socceer-specific tests. Journal of Sport Sciences 1997b;15:459-468.
[27] McMorris T, Graydon J. Effects of exercise on the decision making of soccer players: Science and Football III. New York; 1997a.
[28] McMorris T, Graydon J. Effects of exercise on soccer decision-making tasks of differing complexities. Journal of Human Movement Studies 1996b;30:177-193.
[29] McMorris T, Graydon J. The effects of exercise on the decision-making performance of experienced and inexperienced soccer players. Research quarterly for exercise in sport 1996a;67:109-114.
[30] Hogevorst E, Riedel W, Jeukendurp A, Jolles J. Cognitive performance adter strenuous physical exercise. Perceptual and motor skills 1996;83:479-488.
[31] Litchman S, Poser EG. The effects of exercise on mood and cognitive functioning. Journal of Psychosomatic Research 1983;27:43-52.
[32] Hughson RL, Green HJ, Sharratt MT. Gas Exchange, blood lactate, and plasma catecholamines during incremental exercise in hypoxia and normoxia. Journal of Applied Physiology 1995;79:1134-1141.
[33] Kjaer M. epinephrine and some other hormonal responses to exercise in man: with special reference to physical training. International Journal of Sports Medicine 1989;10:2-15.
[34] American College of Sports Medicine. Benefits and Risks Associated with Physical Activity. In: Thompson WR, Pescatello LS, editors. ACSM's Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription. Eigth ed. United States of America: Wolters Kluwer Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2010.
[35] Wilson TA, Falkel J. SportsVision: training for better performance Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics; 2004.