{"title":"Improving TNT Curing Process by Using Infrared Camera","authors":"O. Srihakulung, Y. Soongsumal","volume":54,"journal":"International Journal of Chemical and Molecular Engineering","pagesStart":512,"pagesEnd":515,"ISSN":"1307-6892","URL":"https:\/\/publications.waset.org\/pdf\/7949","abstract":"
Among the chemicals used for ammunition production, TNT (Trinitrotoluene) play a significant role since World War I and II. Various types of military weapon utilize TNT in casting process. However, the TNT casting process for warhead is difficult to control the cooling rate of the liquid TNT. This problem occurs because the casting process lacks the equipment to detect the temperature during the casting procedure This study presents the temperature detected by infrared camera to illustrate the cooling rate and cooling zone of curing, and demonstrates the optimization of TNT condition to reduce the risk of air gap occurred in the warhead which can result in the destruction afterward. Premature initiation of explosive-filled projectiles in response to set-back forces during gunfiring cause by casting defects. Finally the study can help improving the process of the TNT casting. The operators can control the curing of TNT inside the case by rising up the heating rod at the proper time. Consequently this can reduce tremendous time of rework if the air gaps occur and increase strength to lower elastic modulus. Therefore, it can be clearly concluded that the use of Infrared Cameras in this process is another method to improve the casting procedure.<\/p>\r\n","references":"[1] Kaidar Ayoub, Eric D. van Hullebusch, Michel Cassir, Alain Bermond,\r\nApplication of advanced oxidation processes for TNT removal: A review,\r\nJournal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 178, Issues 1-3, 2010, P 10-28\r\n[2] Parry and B.W. Thorpe, Influence of HNS on the microstructure and\r\nproperties of cast TNT, MRL-R-812 report\r\n[3] D.S. Ellison, R.A. Alcorn, E. Neal, Effects of thermal cycling on\r\ntrinitrotoluene and tritonal explosive compositions, Journal of Hazardous\r\nMaterials, Volume 4, Issue 1, Compatibility of Plastics\/Materials with\r\nExplosives and Processing Explosives. A Selection of Papers Presented at the\r\nJoint Symposium, 1980, P 57-75.\r\n[4] Sun Lixia, Hu Rongzu, Li Jiamin, Phase diagram and compatibility of the\r\nbinary systems TNT-polyester and TNT-picric acid, Thermochimica Acta,\r\nVolume 253, Thermal Measurements, A Selection of Papers Presented at the\r\nInternational and III Sino-Japanese Symposium on Thermal\r\nMeasurements,1995, P 111-116\r\n[5] Jinn-Shing Lee, Chung-King Hsu, The thermal behaviors and safety\r\ncharacteristics of composition B explosive, Thermochimica Acta, Volumes\r\n367-368, 2001, P 371-374","publisher":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology","index":"Open Science Index 54, 2011"}