@article{(Open Science Index):https://publications.waset.org/pdf/5069,
	  title     = {Enhancement of Essential Oil from Agarwood by Subcritical Water Extraction and Pretreatments on Hydrodistillation},
	  author    = {Nuttawan Yoswathana and  M. N. Eshiaghi and  K. Jaturapornpanich},
	  country	= {},
	  institution	= {},
	  abstract     = {The traditional method for essential oil extraction from agarwood (Aquilaria Crassna) is to soak it in water and follow with hydrodistillation. The effect of various agarwood pretreatments: ethanol, acid, alkaline, enzymes, and ultrasound, and the effect of subcritical water extraction(SWE) was studied to compare with the traditional method. The major compositions of agarwood oil from hydrodistillation were aroma compounds as follow: aristol-9-en-8- one (21.53%), selina-3, 7(11)-diene (12.96%), τ-himachalene (9.28%), β-guaiene (5.79%), hexadecanoic acid (4.90%) and guaia- 3,9-diene (4.21%). Whereas agarwood oil from pretreatments with ethanol and ultrasound, and SWE got fatty acid compounds. Extraction of agarwood oil using these pretreatments could improve the agarwood oil yields up to 2 times that of the traditional method. The components of the pretreated sample with diluted acid (H2SO4) at pH 4 gave quite similar results as the traditional method. Therefore, the enhancement of essential oil from agarwood depends on requirement of type of extracted oil that involved extraction methods.
},
	    journal   = {International Journal of Chemical and Molecular Engineering},
	  volume    = {6},
	  number    = {5},
	  year      = {2012},
	  pages     = {459 - 465},
	  ee        = {https://publications.waset.org/pdf/5069},
	  url   	= {https://publications.waset.org/vol/65},
	  bibsource = {https://publications.waset.org/},
	  issn  	= {eISSN: 1307-6892},
	  publisher = {World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology},
	  index 	= {Open Science Index 65, 2012},
	}