@article{(Open Science Index):https://publications.waset.org/pdf/4949,
	  title     = {Turbulent Mixing and its Effects on Thermal Fatigue in Nuclear Reactors},
	  author    = {Eggertson and  E.C. Kapulla and  R and  Fokken and  J and  Prasser and  H.M.},
	  country	= {},
	  institution	= {},
	  abstract     = {The turbulent mixing of coolant streams of different
temperature and density can cause severe temperature fluctuations in
piping systems in nuclear reactors. In certain periodic contraction
cycles these conditions lead to thermal fatigue. The resulting aging
effect prompts investigation in how the mixing of flows over a sharp
temperature/density interface evolves. To study the fundamental
turbulent mixing phenomena in the presence of density gradients,
isokinetic (shear-free) mixing experiments are performed in a square
channel with Reynolds numbers ranging from 2-500 to 60-000.
Sucrose is used to create the density difference. A Wire Mesh Sensor
(WMS) is used to determine the concentration map of the flow in the
cross section. The mean interface width as a function of velocity,
density difference and distance from the mixing point are analyzed
based on traditional methods chosen for the purposes of
atmospheric/oceanic stratification analyses. A definition of the
mixing layer thickness more appropriate to thermal fatigue and based
on mixedness is devised. This definition shows that the thermal
fatigue risk assessed using simple mixing layer growth can be
misleading and why an approach that separates the effects of large
scale (turbulent) and small scale (molecular) mixing is necessary.},
	    journal   = {International Journal of Physical and Mathematical Sciences},
	  volume    = {5},
	  number    = {4},
	  year      = {2011},
	  pages     = {528 - 535},
	  ee        = {https://publications.waset.org/pdf/4949},
	  url   	= {https://publications.waset.org/vol/52},
	  bibsource = {https://publications.waset.org/},
	  issn  	= {eISSN: 1307-6892},
	  publisher = {World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology},
	  index 	= {Open Science Index 52, 2011},
	}