{"title":"The Effect of Simulated Acid Rain on Glycine max","authors":"Nilima Gajbhiye","volume":79,"journal":"International Journal of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering","pagesStart":630,"pagesEnd":635,"ISSN":"1307-6892","URL":"https:\/\/publications.waset.org\/pdf\/16403","abstract":"
Acid rain occurs when sulphur dioxide (SO2) and
\r\nnitrogen oxides (Nox) gases react in the atmosphere with water,
\r\noxygen, and other chemicals to form various acidic compounds. The
\r\nresult is a mild solution of sulfuric acid and nitric acid. Soil has a
\r\ngreater buffering capacity than aquatic systems. However excessive
\r\namount of acids introduced by acid rains may disturb the entire soil
\r\nchemistry. Acidity and harmful action of toxic elements damage
\r\nvegetation while susceptible microbial species are eliminated. In
\r\npresent study, the effects of simulated sulphuric acid and nitric acid
\r\nrains were investigated on crop Glycine max. The effect of acid rain
\r\non change in soil fertility was detected in which pH of control sample
\r\nwas 6.5 and pH of 1%H2SO4 and 1%HNO3 were 3.5. Nitrogen nitrate
\r\nin soil was high in 1% HNO3 treated soil & Control sample.
\r\nAmmonium nitrogen in soil was low in 1% HNO3 & H2SO4 treated
\r\nsoil. Ammonium nitrogen was medium in control and other samples.
\r\nThe effect of acid rain on seed germination on 3rd day of germination
\r\ncontrol sample growth was 7 cm, 0.1% HNO3 was 8cm, and 0.001%
\r\nHNO3 & 0.001% H2SO4 was 6cm each. On 10th day fungal growth
\r\nwas observed in 1% and 0.1%H2SO4 concentrations, when all plants
\r\nwere dead. The effect of acid rain on crop productivity was
\r\ninvestigated on 3rd day roots were developed in plants. On12th day
\r\nGlycine max showed more growth in 0.1% HNO3, 0.001% HNO3 and
\r\n0.001% H2SO4 treated plants growth were same as compare to control
\r\nplants. On 20th day development of discoloration of plant pigments
\r\nwere observed on acid treated plants leaves. On 38th day, 0.1, 0.001%
\r\nHNO3 and 0.1, 0.001% H2SO4 treated plants and control plants were
\r\nshowing flower growth. On 42th day, acid treated Glycine max variety
\r\nand control plants were showed seeds on plants. In Glycine max
\r\nvariety 0.1, 0.001% H2SO4, 0.1, 0.001% HNO3 treated plants were
\r\ndead on 46th day and fungal growth was observed. The toxicological
\r\nstudy was carried out on Glycine max plants exposed to 1% HNO3
\r\ncells were damaged more than 1% H2SO4. Leaf sections exposed to
\r\n0.001% HNO3 & H2SO4 showed less damaged of cells and
\r\npigmentation observed in entire slide when compare with control
\r\nplant. The soil analysis was done to find microorganisms in HNO3 &
\r\nH2SO4 treated Glycine max and control plants. No microorganism
\r\ngrowth was observed in 1% HNO3 & H2SO4 but control plant showed
\r\nmicrobial growth.<\/p>\r\n","references":"
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