{"title":"Could One-Hand Chest Compression for a Small Child Cause Intra-Abdominal Injuries?","authors":"Yeon Ho You, Ji Sook Lee, Jin Hong Min","volume":78,"journal":"International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","pagesStart":322,"pagesEnd":326,"ISSN":"1307-6892","URL":"https:\/\/publications.waset.org\/pdf\/13002","abstract":"
We examined whether children ( < 18 years old) had risk of intra-thoracic trauma during 'one-handed' chest compressions through MDCT images. We measured the length of the lower half of the sternum (Stotal\/2~X). We also measured the distance from the diaphragm to the midpoint of the sternum (Stotal\/2~D) and half the width of an adult hand (Wtotal\/2). All the 1 year-old children had Stotal\/2~X and Stotal\/2~D less than Wtotal\/2. Among the children aged 2 years, 6 (60.0%) had Stotal\/2~X and Stotal\/2~D less than Wtotal\/2. Among those aged 3 years, 4 (26.7%) had Stotal\/2~X and Stotal\/2~D less than Wtotal\/2, and among those aged 4 years, 2 (13.3%) had Stotal\/2~X and Stotal\/2~D less than Wtotal\/2. However, Stotal\/2~X and Stotal\/2~D were greater than Wtotal\/2 in children aged 5 years or more. We knew that small children may be at an increased risk of intra-thoracic trauma during 'one-handed' chest compressions.<\/p>\r\n","references":"[1] Nadkarni V, Hazinski MF, Zideman D, et al. Paediatric life support: an\r\nadvisory statement by the Paediatric Life support Working Group of the\r\nInternational Liaison committee on Resuscitation. Resuscitation\r\n1997;34:115-27.\r\n[2] Mogayzel C, Quan L, Graves Jr., et al. Out-of-hospital ventricular\r\nfibrillation in children and adolescents: causes and outcomes. Ann\r\nEmerg Med 1995;25:484-91.\r\n[3] Kyriacou DN, Arcinue EL, Peek C, et al. Effect of immediate\r\nresuscitation on children with submersion injury. Pediatrics\r\n1994;94:137-42.\r\n[4] Hickey RW, Cohen DM, Strasbaugh S, et al. Pediatric patients requiring\r\nCPR in the prehospital setting. Ann Emerg Med 1995;25:495-501.\r\n[5] Berg RA, Kern KB, Hilwig RW, et al. Assisted ventilation does not\r\nimprove outcome in a porcine model of single-rescuer bystander\r\ncardiopulmonary resuscitation. Circulation 1997;95:1635-41.\r\n[6] Berg RA, Sanders AB, Kern KB, et al. Adverse effects of interrupting\r\nchest compressions for rescue breathing during cardiopulmonary\r\nresuscitation for ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest. Circulation 2001;\r\n104:2465-70.\r\n[7] Berkowitz ID, Gervais H, Schleien CL, et al. Epinephrine dosage effects\r\non cerebral and myocardial blood flow in an child swine model of\r\ncardiopulmonary resuscitation. Anesthesiology 1991;75:1041-50.\r\n[8] 2010 American Heart Association guidelines for cardiopulmonary\r\nresuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care. Part 13. Pediatric basic\r\nlife support. Circulation 2010;122:S862-75.\r\n[9] Orlowski JP. Optimum position for external cardiac compression in\r\nchildren and young children. Ann Emerg Med 1986;15:667-73.\r\n[10] Hoke RS, Chamberlain D. Skeletal chest injuries secondary to\r\ncardiopulmonary resuscitation. Resuscitation 2004;63:327-38.\r\n[11] Thaler MM, Stobie GHC. An improved technique of external cardiac\r\ncompression in infants and young children. N Engl J Med\r\n1963;269:606-10.\r\n[12] Thaler MM, Krause VW. Serious trauma in children after external\r\ncardiac massage. N Engl J Med 1962;267:500.\r\n[13] Bush CM, Jones JS, Cohle SD, et al. Pediatric injuries from\r\ncardiopulmonary resuscitation. Ann Emerg Med 1996;28:40-4.","publisher":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology","index":"Open Science Index 78, 2013"}