@article{(Open Science Index):https://publications.waset.org/pdf/11704,
	  title     = {Differences in Stress and Total Deformation Due to Muscle Attachment to the Femur},
	  author    = {Jeong-Woo Seo and  Jin-Seung Choi and  Dong-Won Kang and  Jae-Hyuk Bae and  Gye-Rae Tack},
	  country	= {},
	  institution	= {},
	  abstract     = {To achieve accurate and precise results of finite
element analysis (FEA) of bones, it is important to represent the
load/boundary conditions as identical as possible to the human body
such as the bone properties, the type and force of the muscles, the
contact force of the joints, and the location of the muscle attachment.
In this study, the difference in the Von-Mises stress and the total
deformation was compared by classifying them into Case 1, which
shows the actual anatomical form of the muscle attached to the femur
when the same muscle force was applied, and Case 2, which gives a
simplified representation of the attached location. An inverse
dynamical musculoskeletal model was simulated using data from an
actual walking experiment to complement the accuracy of the
muscular force, the input value of FEA. The FEA method using the
results of the muscular force that were calculated through the
simulation showed that the maximum Von-Mises stress and the
maximum total deformation in Case 2 were underestimated by 8.42%
and 6.29%, respectively, compared to Case 1. The torsion energy and
bending moment at each location of the femur occurred via the stress
ingredient. Due to the geometrical/morphological feature of the femur
of having a long bone shape when the stress distribution is wide, as
shown in Case 1, a greater Von-Mises stress and total deformation are
expected from the sum of the stress ingredients. More accurate results
can be achieved only when the muscular strength and the attachment
location in the FEA of the bones and the attachment form are the same
as those in the actual anatomical condition under the various moving
conditions of the human body.},
	    journal   = {International Journal of Biomedical and Biological Engineering},
	  volume    = {6},
	  number    = {3},
	  year      = {2012},
	  pages     = {34 - 37},
	  ee        = {https://publications.waset.org/pdf/11704},
	  url   	= {https://publications.waset.org/vol/63},
	  bibsource = {https://publications.waset.org/},
	  issn  	= {eISSN: 1307-6892},
	  publisher = {World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology},
	  index 	= {Open Science Index 63, 2012},
	}