WASET
	@article{(Open Science Index):https://publications.waset.org/pdf/10799,
	  title     = {Long-term Irrigation with Dairy Factory Wastewater Influences Soil Quality},
	  author    = {Yen-Yiu Liu and  Richard J. Haynes},
	  country	= {},
	  institution	= {},
	  abstract     = {The effects of irrigation with dairy factory wastewater
on soil properties were investigated at two sites that had received
irrigation for > 60 years. Two adjoining paired sites that had never
received DFE were also sampled as well as another seven fields from
a wider area around the factory. In comparison with paired sites that
had not received effluent, long-term wastewater irrigation resulted in
an increase in pH, EC, extractable P, exchangeable Na and K and
ESP. These changes were related to the use of phosphoric acid,
NaOH and KOH as cleaning agents in the factory. Soil organic C
content was unaffected by DFE irrigation but the size (microbial
biomass C and N) and activity (basal respiration) of the soil
microbial community were increased. These increases were
attributed to regular inputs of soluble C (e.g. lactose) present as milk
residues in the wastewater. Principal component analysis (PCA) of
the soils data from all 11sites confirmed that the main effects of DFE
irrigation were an increase in exchangeable Na, extractable P and
microbial biomass C, an accumulation of soluble salts and a liming
effect. PCA analysis of soil bacterial community structure, using
PCR-DGGE of 16S rDNA fragments, generally separated individual
sites from one another but did not group them according to irrigation
history. Thus, whilst the size and activity of the soil microbial
community were increased, the structure and diversity of the
bacterial community remained unaffected.},
	    journal   = {International Journal of Environmental and Ecological Engineering},
	  volume    = {4},
	  number    = {10},
	  year      = {2010},
	  pages     = {464 - 468},
	  ee        = {https://publications.waset.org/pdf/10799},
	  url   	= {https://publications.waset.org/vol/46},
	  bibsource = {https://publications.waset.org/},
	  issn  	= {eISSN: 1307-6892},
	  publisher = {World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology},
	  index 	= {Open Science Index 46, 2010},
	}