{"title":"Extending BDI Multiagent Systems with Agent Norms","authors":"Francisco Jos\u00e9 Pl\u00e1cido da Cunha, Tassio Ferenzini Martins Sirqueira, Marx Leles Viana and Carlos Jos\u00e9 Pereira de Lucena","volume":137,"journal":"International Journal of Computer and Information Engineering","pagesStart":302,"pagesEnd":310,"ISSN":"1307-6892","URL":"https:\/\/publications.waset.org\/pdf\/10009007","abstract":"Open Multiagent Systems (MASs) are societies in
\r\nwhich heterogeneous and independently designed entities (agents)
\r\nwork towards similar, or different ends. Software agents are
\r\nautonomous and the diversity of interests among different members
\r\nliving in the same society is a fact. In order to deal with this
\r\nautonomy, these open systems use mechanisms of social control
\r\n(norms) to ensure a desirable social order. This paper considers the
\r\nfollowing types of norms: (i) obligation — agents must accomplish
\r\na specific outcome; (ii) permission — agents may act in a particular
\r\nway, and (iii) prohibition — agents must not act in a specific way. All
\r\nof these characteristics mean to encourage the fulfillment of norms
\r\nthrough rewards and to discourage norm violation by pointing out the
\r\npunishments. Once the software agent decides that its priority is the
\r\nsatisfaction of its own desires and goals, each agent must evaluate
\r\nthe effects associated to the fulfillment of one or more norms before
\r\nchoosing which one should be fulfilled. The same applies when agents
\r\ndecide to violate a norm. This paper also introduces a framework
\r\nfor the development of MASs that provide support mechanisms
\r\nto the agent’s decision-making, using norm-based reasoning. The
\r\napplicability and validation of this approach is demonstrated applying
\r\na traffic intersection scenario.","references":"[1] F. L. y L\u00f3pez, \u201cSocial power and norms: Impact on agent behavior,\u201d\r\nPh.D. dissertation, University of Southampton, 6 2003.\r\n[2] N. Oren, M. Luck, and T. J. Norman, \u201cArgumentation for normative\r\nreasoning,\u201d in Proc. Symp. Behaviour Regulation in Multi-Agent\r\nSystems, 2008, pp. 55\u201360.\r\n[3] V. T. da Silva, \u201cFrom the specification to the implementation of norms:\r\nan automatic approach to generate rules from norms to govern the\r\nbehavior of agents,\u201d Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems,\r\nvol. 17, no. 1, pp. 113\u2013155, 2008.\r\n[4] I. Nunes, C. Lucena, and M. Luck, \u201cBdi4jade: a bdi layer on top of\r\njade,\u201d ProMAS 2011, pp. 88\u2013103, 2011.\r\n[5] B. F. d. S. Neto, V. T. da Silva, and C. J. P. de Lucena, \u201cNbdi: An\r\narchitecture for goal-oriented normative agents.\u201d in ICAART (1), 2011,\r\npp. 116\u2013125.\r\n[6] A. S. Rao, M. P. 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