{"title":"Evaluation of Aquifer Protective Capacity and Soil Corrosivity Using Geoelectrical Method","authors":"M. T. Tsepav, Y. Adamu, M. A. Umar","volume":107,"journal":"International Journal of Physical and Mathematical Sciences","pagesStart":676,"pagesEnd":686,"ISSN":"1307-6892","URL":"https:\/\/publications.waset.org\/pdf\/10002930","abstract":"
A geoelectric survey was carried out in some parts of
\r\nAngwan Gwari, an outskirt of Lapai Local Government Area on
\r\nNiger State which belongs to the Nigerian Basement Complex, with
\r\nthe aim of evaluating the soil corrosivity, aquifer transmissivity and
\r\nprotective capacity of the area from which aquifer characterisation
\r\nwas made. The G41 Resistivity Meter was employed to obtain fifteen
\r\nSchlumberger Vertical Electrical Sounding data along profiles in a
\r\nsquare grid network. The data were processed using interpex 1-D
\r\nsounding inversion software, which gives vertical electrical sounding
\r\ncurves with layered model comprising of the apparent resistivities,
\r\noverburden thicknesses, and depth. This information was used to
\r\nevaluate longitudinal conductance and transmissivities of the layers.
\r\nThe results show generally low resistivities across the survey area
\r\nand an average longitudinal conductance variation from
\r\n0.0237Siemens in VES 6 to 0.1261Siemens in VES 15 with almost
\r\nthe entire area giving values less than 1.0 Siemens. The average
\r\ntransmissivity values range from 96.45 Ω.m2 in VES 4 to 299070
\r\nΩ.m2 in VES 1. All but VES 4 and VES14 had an average
\r\noverburden greater than 400 Ω.m2, these results suggest that the
\r\naquifers are highly permeable to fluid movement within, leading to
\r\nthe possibility of enhanced migration and circulation of contaminants
\r\nin the groundwater system and that the area is generally corrosive.<\/p>\r\n","references":"[1] Keller G., V. and Frischknecht, F. C. (1966). Electrical Methods in\r\nGeophysical Prospecting. Pergamon Press, Oxford, New York, Toronto,\r\nSydney, Braunsckweig.\r\n[2] Krumbein, W.C., and Sloss, L. L. (1963). Stratigraphy and\r\nSedimentation. W. H. Freeman and Co., San Francisco, 660 pp.\r\n[3] Brousse, J. J. (1963). Modern geophysical methods for subsurface water\r\nexploration: Geophysics, v. 28\/4, p. 634-635.\r\n[4] Ako, B.D., and Osondu, V.C. (1986). Electrical resistivity of the Kerri-\r\nKerri Formation, Darazo, Nigeria: Journal of African Earth Sciences, v.\r\n5\/5, p. 527-534.\r\n[5] Olorunniwo, M.A., and Olorunfemi, M.O. (1987). Geophysical\r\nInvestigation for Groundwater in Precambrian Terrain, A case history\r\nfrom Ikare, Southwest Nigeria. Journal of African Earth Sciences, v. 6,\r\np. 787-796.\r\n[6] Olorunfemi, M.O., and Fasuyi, S.A. (1993). Aquifer Types and the\r\nGeoelectric Hydrogeologic Characteristics of Parts of the Central\r\nBasement Terrain of Nigeria, Niger State. Journal of African Earth\r\nSciences, v. 16\/3, p 309-317.\r\n[7] Ayolabi, E.A., Adeoti, L., Oshinlaja, N.A., Adeosuni, I.O., and Idowu,\r\nO.I. (2009). Seismic Refraction and Resistivity Studies of part of\r\nIgbogbo Township, Southwest Nigeria: Journal of Science Research\r\nDevelopment, v. 11, p. 42\u201361. Balkan Geophysical Society 1, 3-6. [8] Osuagwu, B.C. (2009). Geophysical investigation for groundwater in a\r\ndifficult terrain around Modomo Area, Ife, Osun State: Unpublished\r\nBachelor of Science Thesis, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun\r\nState, p. 88.\r\n[9] Sustainable Human Settlement Consult Limited, (2004): Ibrahim\r\nBadamasi Babangida University Master Plan.\r\n[10] Obaje, N.G, Lar, A., Nzegbuna, A., Moumouni, A., Chaanda, M., and\r\nGoki, N. (2006). Geology and Mineral Resources of Nasarawa State; An\r\ninvestor\u2019s Guide. Nasarawa Scientifique, 2, No. 1\r\n[11] Oyawoye, M.O. (1964). The Geology of the Nigerian Basement\r\nComplex. Journal of the Nigerian Mining, Geological and Metallurgical\r\nSociety, v. 1, p. 87-482.\r\n[12] Rahaman, M.A. (1973). The Geology of the District around Iseyin,\r\nWestern Nigeria: Unpublished Ph.D Thesis, University of Ibadan, p.\r\n268.\r\n[13] Rahaman, M.A. (1976). Review of the Basement Geology of Southwest\r\nNigeria, Geology of Nigeria, in, C.A. Kogbe (ed.), Geology of Nigeria:\r\nElizabethan Publishing, p. 41-58.\r\n[14] Rahaman, M.A. (1988). Recent Advances in the Study of the Basement\r\nComplex of Nigeria: Precambrian Geology of Nigeria, G.S.N, p. 11-41.\r\n[15] Odeyemi, I.B., (1978). Orogenic Events in the Precambrian Basement of\r\nNigeria, West Africa: Geol. Rdsch, v, 70, 879-909.\r\n[16] Mohamed, A.S. (1975). Vertical Electrical Resistivity Soundings to\r\nLocate Ground Water Resources: A Feasibility Study. Virginia Water\r\nResources Research Center Bulletin; 73: 7. New York.\r\n[17] Olorunfemi, M. O., Ojo, J. S. and Akintunde, O.M. (1999). \u201cHydrogeophysical\r\nevaluation of the groundwater potential of the Akure\r\nmetropolis, Southwestern Nigeria\u201d. Journal of Mining and Geology Vol.\r\n35(2) 1999, pp. 207 \u2013 228.\r\n[18] Henriet, J. P. (1975). Direct applications of the Dar Zarrouk parameters\r\nin ground water surveys. Geophysical Prospecting, 24 (3): 44\u2013353.\r\n[19] Nwankwo, C. N. and Ehirim, C.N. (2010). Evaluation of aquifer\r\ncharacteristics and groundwater quality using geoelectrical method in\r\nChoba, Port Harcourt. Archives of applied science research, 2(2):396-\r\n403.","publisher":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology","index":"Open Science Index 107, 2015"}