@article{(Open Science Index):https://publications.waset.org/pdf/10002713,
	  title     = {Effects of Roughness Elements on Heat Transfer during Natural Convection},
	  author    = {M. Yousaf and  S. Usman},
	  country	= {},
	  institution	= {},
	  abstract     = {The present study focused on the investigation of the
effects of roughness elements on heat transfer during natural
convection in a rectangular cavity using numerical technique.
Roughness elements were introduced on the bottom hot wall with a
normalized amplitude (A*/H) of 0.1. Thermal and hydrodynamic
behaviors were studied using computational method based on Lattice
Boltzmann method (LBM). Numerical studies were performed for a
laminar flow in the range of Rayleigh number (Ra) from 103 to 106
for a rectangular cavity of aspect ratio (L/H) 2.0 with a fluid of
Prandtl number (Pr) 1.0. The presence of the sinusoidal roughness
elements caused a minimum to maximum decrease in the heat
transfer as 7% to 17% respectively compared to smooth enclosure.
The results are presented for mean Nusselt number (Nu), isotherms
and streamlines.},
	    journal   = {International Journal of Chemical and Molecular Engineering},
	  volume    = {9},
	  number    = {11},
	  year      = {2015},
	  pages     = {1287 - 1292},
	  ee        = {https://publications.waset.org/pdf/10002713},
	  url   	= {https://publications.waset.org/vol/107},
	  bibsource = {https://publications.waset.org/},
	  issn  	= {eISSN: 1307-6892},
	  publisher = {World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology},
	  index 	= {Open Science Index 107, 2015},
	}