@article{(Open Science Index):https://publications.waset.org/pdf/10001541,
	  title     = {Effect of Operating Conditions on Forward Osmosis for Nutrient Rejection Using Magnesium Chloride as a Draw Solution},
	  author    = {Yatnanta Padma Devia and  Tsuyoshi Imai and  Takaya Higuchi and  Ariyo Kanno and  Koichi Yamamoto and  Masahiko Sekine},
	  country	= {},
	  institution	= {},
	  abstract     = {Advanced treatments such as forward osmosis (FO)
can be used to separate or reject nutrients from secondary treated
effluents. Forward osmosis uses the chemical potential across the
membrane, which is the osmotic pressure gradient, to induce water to
flow through the membrane from a feed solution (FS) into a draw
solution (DS). The performance of FO is affected by the membrane
characteristics, composition of the FS and DS, and operating
conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the optimum
velocity and temperature for nutrient rejection and water flux
performance in FO treatments. MgCl2 was used as the DS in the FO
process. The results showed that higher cross flow velocities yielded
higher water fluxes. High rejection of nutrients was achieved by using
a moderate cross flow velocity at 0.25 m/s. Nutrient rejection was
insensitive to temperature variation, whereas water flux was
significantly impacted by it. A temperature of 25°C was found to be
good for nutrient rejection.},
	    journal   = {International Journal of Environmental and Ecological Engineering},
	  volume    = {9},
	  number    = {6},
	  year      = {2015},
	  pages     = {691 - 696},
	  ee        = {https://publications.waset.org/pdf/10001541},
	  url   	= {https://publications.waset.org/vol/102},
	  bibsource = {https://publications.waset.org/},
	  issn  	= {eISSN: 1307-6892},
	  publisher = {World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology},
	  index 	= {Open Science Index 102, 2015},
	}