Release of Elements in Bottom Ash and Fly Ash from Incineration of Peat- and Wood-Residues using a Sequential Extraction Procedure
Commenced in January 2007
Frequency: Monthly
Edition: International
Paper Count: 32794
Release of Elements in Bottom Ash and Fly Ash from Incineration of Peat- and Wood-Residues using a Sequential Extraction Procedure

Authors: Risto Poykio, Kati Manskinen, Olli Dahl, Mikko Mäkelä, Hannu Nurmesniemi

Abstract:

When the results of the total element concentrations using USEPA method 3051A are compared to the sequential extraction analyses (i.e. the sum of fractions BCR1, BCR2 and BRC3), it can be calculated that the recovery values of elements varied between 56.8-% and 69.4-% in the bottom ash, and between 11.3-% and 70.9-% in the fly ash. This indicates that most of the elements in the ashes do not occur as readily soluble forms.

Keywords: Ash, BCR, leaching, solubility, waste

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1072724

Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 1529

References:


[1] Y T. Lind, T. Valmari, E.I. Kauppinen, G. Sfiris, K. Nilsson, W. Maenhaut, " Volatization of the heavy metals during circulating fluidized bed combustion of forest residue", Environ. Sci. Technol., vol. 33, pp. 496-xxx, 1999.
[2] I. Obernberger, F. Biedermam, W. Wildmann, R. Riedl, "Concentrations of inorganic elements in biomass fuels and recovery in the difficult ash fractions", Biomass Bioenerg., vol. 12, pp. 211-224, 1997.
[3] C.I. Lin, T.Y. Yeh, "Heavy metals distribution characteristics in different particle size of bottom ash after agglomeration/ defluidization at various fluidization parameters", Biomass Bioenerg., vol. 34, pp. 428- 437, 2010.
[4] A. Alborés, B. Cid, "Comparison between sequential extraction procedures and single metal partitioning in sewage sludge samples", Analyst, vol. 125, pp. 1353-1357, 2000.
[5] A.V. Filgueiras, I. Lavilla, C. Bendicho, "Chemical sequential extraction for metal partitioning in environmental solid samples", J. Environ. Monit., vol. 66, pp. 823-857, 2002.
[6] V. Bruder-Hubscher, F. Lagarde, M.J.F. Leroy, C. Coughanowr, F. Enguehard, "Application of a sequential extraction procedure to study the release of elements from municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash", Anal. Chim. Acta, vol. 451, pp. 285-295, 2002.
[7] M. Pueyo, G. Rauret, D. Lūck, M. Yli-Halla, H. Muntau, Ph. Quevanviller, J.F. López-Sánchez, "Certification of the extractable contents of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in a freshwater sediment following a collaboratively tested and optimized three-step sequential extraction procedure", J. Environ. Monit., vol. 3, pp. 243-250, 2001.
[8] T.G. Kazi, M.K. Jamali, G.H. Kazi, M.B. Arain, H.I. Afridi, A. Siddiqui, "Evaluating the mobility of toxic metals in untreated industrial wastewater sludge using a BCR sequential extraction procedure and a leaching test", Anal. Bioanal. Chem., vol. 383, pp. 297-304, 2005.
[9] K. Manskinen, R. Pöykiö, H. Nurmesniemi, "Comparison of the total and fractionated heavy metal and sulphur concentrations in bottom ash and fly ash from a large-sized (120) power plant of a fluting board mill, Chemija, vol. 22, pp. 46-55, 2011.
[10] R. Pöykiö, K. Manskinen, H. Nurmesniemi, O. Dahl, "Comparison of trace elements in bottom ash and fly ash from a large-sized (77 MW) multi-fuel boiler at the power plant of a fluting board mill, Finland, Energ. Explor. Exploit., vol. 29, pp. 217-234, 2011.
[11] C. Yafa, J.G. Farmer, "A comparative study of acid-extractable and total digestion method for the determination of inorganic elements in peat material by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry", Anal. Chim. Acta., vol. 557, pp. 296-302, 2006.
[12] D.S. Kosson, H.A. Van Der Sloot, F. Sanchez, A.C. Garrabrants, "An integrated framework for evaluating leaching in waste management and utilization of secondary materials", Environ. Eng. Sci., vol. 19, pp. 159-204, 2002.
[13] K. Manskinen, H. Nurmesniemi, R. Pöykiö, O. Dahl, "Comparison of the fertilizer properties of bottom ash and fly ash from the 120 MW power plant of a fluting board mill incinerating different fuel mixtures", J. Int. Environ. Appl. Sci., vol. 5, pp. 526-537, 2010.
[14] D. Vamvuka, E. Kakaras, "Ash properties and environmental impact of various biomass and coal fuels and their blends", Fuel Process. Technol., vol. 92, pp. 570-581, 2011.
[15] B.M. Steenari, O. Lindqvist, "Fly ash characteristics in co-combustion of wood with coal, oil or peat", Fuel, vol. 78, pp. 479-488, 1999.
[16] G.S. Humphreys, D.M. Raven, R.J. Field, "Wood-ash stone in Amgophora costata (Gaertn.) J. Britt. following Sydney bushfires", Aust. For., vol. 67, pp. 39-43, 2004.
[17] B.M. Steenari, O. Lindqvist, "Stabilisation of biofuel ashes for recycling to forest soil", Biomass Bioenerg., vol. 13, pp. 39-50, 1997.
[18] A. Demirbas, "Heavy metal contents of fly ashes from selected biomass samples", Energy Sources, vol. 27, pp. 1269-1276, 2005.
[19] U.M. Mroueh, E. M├ñkel├ñ, M. Wahlström, J. Kauppila, J. Sorvari, P. Heikkinen, R. Salminen, M. Juvankoski, M. Tammirinne, "By-products in earth construction. Assessment of acceptability", National Technology Agency, Technology Reviewers 96/2000, pp. 39, 2000.
[20] A. Das, M Chakroborty, M. Ververa, M. de la Guardia, "Metal speciation in solid matrices", Talanta, vol. 42, pp. 1007-1030, 1995.
[21] B. Ludwig, P. Khannan, J. Prenzel, F. Beese, "Heavy metal release from different ashes during serial tests using water and acid", Waste Manage., vol. 25, p. 1055-1066, 2005.
[22] E. Margui, V. Salvad├│, I. Queralt, M. Hidalgo, "Comparison of threestage sequential extraction and toxicity characteristics leaching test to evaluate metal mobility in mining wastes", Anal. Chim. Acta., vol. 524, pp. 151-159, 2004.
[23] A.M. González, R.M. Barnes, "Comparison of microwave-assisted extraction and waste extraction test (WET) preparation for inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy analyses of waste samples", Anal. Bioanal. Chem., vol. 374, pp. 255-261, 2002.
[24] T. Townsend, T. Tolaymat, H. Solo-Gabriele, B. Dubey, K. Stook, L. Wadanambi, "Leaching of CCA-treated wood: implications for waste disposal", J. Hazard. Mater., vol. B114, pp. 75-91, 2004.
[25] K. Vaajasaari, “Leaching and ecotoxicity tests as methods for classification and assessment of environmental hazard of solid wastes”. Doctoral Thesis, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland, pp. 13, 2005.
[26] B.M. Svensson, L. Mårtensson, L. Mathiasson, L. Eskilsson, “Leachability testing of metallic wastes”, Waste Manage. Res., vol. 23, pp. 457-467, 2005.
[27] G. Rauret, “Extraction procedures for the determination of heavy metals in contaminated soil and sediment”, Talanta, vol. 46, pp. 449-455, 1998.
[28] Y.Y. Long, L.F. Hu, C.R. Fang, Y.Y. Wu, D.S. Shen, “An evaluation of the modified BCR sequential extraction procedure to assess the potential mobility of copper and zinc in MSW”, Microchem. J., vol. 91, pp. 1-5, 2009.
[29] J. Arunachalam, H. Emos, B. Krasnodebska, C. Mohl, “Sequential extraction studies on homogenized forest soil samples”, Sci. Total Environ., vol. 181, pp. 147-159, 1996.
[30] P. Smichowski, G. Polla, D. Gómez, “Metal fractionation of atmospheric aerosols via sequential chemical extraction: a review,” Anal. Bioanal. Chem., vol. 381, pp. 302-316, 2005.