@article{(Open Science Index):https://publications.waset.org/pdf/6925,
	  title     = {Left Ventricular Model Using Second Order Electromechanical Coupling: Effects of Viscoelastic Damping},
	  author    = {Elie H. Karam and  Antoine B. Abche},
	  country	= {},
	  institution	= {},
	  abstract     = {It is known that the heart interacts with and adapts to
its venous and arterial loading conditions. Various experimental
studies and modeling approaches have been developed to investigate
the underlying mechanisms. This paper presents a model of the left
ventricle derived based on nonlinear stress-length myocardial
characteristics integrated over truncated ellipsoidal geometry, and
second-order dynamic mechanism for the excitation-contraction
coupling system. The results of the model presented here describe the
effects of the viscoelastic damping element of the electromechanical
coupling system on the hemodynamic response. Different heart rates
are considered to study the pacing effects on the performance of the
left-ventricle against constant preload and afterload conditions under
various damping conditions. The results indicate that the pacing
process of the left ventricle has to take into account, among other
things, the viscoelastic damping conditions of the myofilament
excitation-contraction process.},
	    journal   = {International Journal of Biomedical and Biological Engineering},
	  volume    = {1},
	  number    = {11},
	  year      = {2007},
	  pages     = {168 - 173},
	  ee        = {https://publications.waset.org/pdf/6925},
	  url   	= {https://publications.waset.org/vol/11},
	  bibsource = {https://publications.waset.org/},
	  issn  	= {eISSN: 1307-6892},
	  publisher = {World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology},
	  index 	= {Open Science Index 11, 2007},
	}