@article{(Open Science Index):https://publications.waset.org/pdf/3623,
	  title     = {The Effect of Facial Expressions on Students in Virtual Educational Environments},
	  author    = {G. Theonas and  D. Hobbs and  D. Rigas},
	  country	= {},
	  institution	= {},
	  abstract     = {The scope of this research was to study the relation between the facial expressions of three lecturers in a real academic lecture theatre and the reactions of the students to those expressions. The first experiment aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a virtual lecturer-s expressions on the students- learning outcome in a virtual pedagogical environment. The second experiment studied the effectiveness of a single facial expression, i.e. the smile, on the students- performance. Both experiments involved virtual lectures, with virtual lecturers teaching real students. The results suggest that the students performed better by 86%, in the lectures where the lecturer performed facial expressions compared to the results of the lectures that did not use facial expressions. However, when simple or basic information was used, the facial expressions of the virtual lecturer had no substantial effect on the students- learning outcome. Finally, the appropriate use of smiles increased the interest of the students and consequently their performance.
},
	    journal   = {International Journal of Educational and Pedagogical Sciences},
	  volume    = {1},
	  number    = {11},
	  year      = {2007},
	  pages     = {625 - 632},
	  ee        = {https://publications.waset.org/pdf/3623},
	  url   	= {https://publications.waset.org/vol/11},
	  bibsource = {https://publications.waset.org/},
	  issn  	= {eISSN: 1307-6892},
	  publisher = {World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology},
	  index 	= {Open Science Index 11, 2007},
	}