{"title":"Depression and Anxiety Levels in Armenian Crohn's Disease Patients","authors":"Astghik Z. Pepoyan, Elya S. Pepoyan","volume":6,"journal":"International Journal of Psychological and Behavioral Sciences","pagesStart":357,"pagesEnd":360,"ISSN":"1307-6892","URL":"https:\/\/publications.waset.org\/pdf\/1462","abstract":"
The Zung self-depression scale and Beck Anxiety Inventory were used to study the depression and anxiety levels of Armenian Crohn's disease patients, as well as to reveal the relation between emotional status and placebo effect of these patients. Despite of registered high levels of depression and anxiety, the high placebo rate during investigations was described. The importance of use of psychotherapies for optimal outcomes during treatments of Crohn's disease is obvious.<\/p>\r\n","references":"[1] T. Alander, K. Svardsudd, S. Johansson, and L. Agreus, \"Psychological\r\nillness is commonly associated with functional gastrointestinal disorders\r\nand is important to consider during patient consultation: a populationbased\r\nstudy\", BMC Med, vol. 13, 2005, pp. 3-8.\r\n[2] Bardel, \"Factors associated with adherence to drug therapy: a\r\npopulation-based study\", Eur J Clin Pharmacol, vol. 63, no. 3, 2007, pp.\r\n307-314.\r\n[3] Beck and R. Steer, Beck Anxiety Inventory Manual. San Antonio, TX:\r\nThe Psychological Corporation Harcourt Brace and Company, 1993.\r\n[4] Crohn, \"Regional Ileitis\", Ed. New York: Grune and Stratton, 1949, pp.\r\n15-64.\r\n[5] Drossman, F. Creed, K. Olden, J. Svedlund, B. Toner, and W.\r\nWhitehead, \"Psychosocial aspects of functional gastrointestinal\r\ndisorders\", Gut, vol. 45, 1999, pp. 1125-1130.\r\n[6] Gerbert, \"Psychological aspects of Crohn's disease\", Journal of\r\nBehavioral Medicine, vol. 3, 1980, pp. 41-58.\r\n[7] J. Kirsner, \"Historical origins of current IBD concepts\", World J\r\nGastroenterol., vol. 7, no.2, 2001, pp. 175-184.\r\n[8] L. Kurina, M. Goldacre, D. Yeates, and L. Gill, \"Depression and anxiety\r\nin people with inflammatory bowel disease\", J Epidemiol Community\r\nHealth, vol. 55, 2001, pp. 716-720.\r\n[9] J. Mawdsley, and D. Rampton, \"Psychological stress in IBD: new\r\ninsights into pathogenic and therapeutic implications\" Gut., vol. 55, no.\r\n7, 2006, pp. 1053-1054.\r\n[10] Sands, R. Kozarek, J. Spainhour, C. Barish, S. Becker, L. Goldberg, S.\r\nKatz, R. Goldblum, R. Harrigan, D. Hilton, and Hanauer, \"Safety and\r\ntolerability of concurrent natalizumab treatment for patients with\r\nCrohn's disease not in remission while receiving infliximab\", Inflamm\r\nBowel Dis., vol. 13, no. 1, 2007, pp. 2-11.\r\n[11] W. Zung, \"A Self-rating Depression Scale Scale\", Archives of General\r\nPsychiatry, vol. 12, 1965, pp. 63-70.","publisher":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology","index":"Open Science Index 6, 2007"}