{"title":"Network Analysis in a Natural Perturbed Ecosystem","authors":"Nelson F.F. Ebecken, Gilberto C. Pereira","volume":67,"journal":"International Journal of Environmental and Ecological Engineering","pagesStart":411,"pagesEnd":415,"ISSN":"1307-6892","URL":"https:\/\/publications.waset.org\/pdf\/14234","abstract":"
The objective of this work is to explicit knowledge on the interactions between the chlorophyll-a and nine meroplankton larvae of epibenthonic fauna. The studied case is the Arraial do Cabo upwelling system, Southeastern of Brazil, which provides different environmental conditions. To assess this information a network approach based in probability estimative was used. Comparisons among the generated graphs are made in the light of different water masses, application of Shannon biodiversity index, and the closeness and betweenness centralities measurements. Our results show the main pattern among different water masses and how the core organisms belonging to the network skeleton are correlated to the main environmental variable. We conclude that the approach of complex networks is a promising tool for environmental diagnostic.<\/p>\r\n","references":"[1] Halpern, B.S., Selkoe, K.A., Micheli, F., Kappel, K., 2007. Evaluating\r\nand ranking the vulnerability of global marine ecosystems to\r\nanthropogenic threats. Conservation Biology 21, 1301-1315.\r\n[2] Halpern, B.S., Walbridge, S., Selkoe, K.A., Kappel, C.V., Micheli, F.,\r\nD'Agrosa, C., Bruno, J.F., Casey, K.S., Ebert, C., Fox, H.E., Fujita, R.,\r\nHeinemann, D., Lenihan, H.S., Madin, E.M.P., Perry, M.T., Selig, E.R.,\r\nSpalding, M., Steneck, R., Watson, R., 2008. A global map of human\r\nimpact on marine ecosystems. Science 319, 948- 952.\r\n[3] Levin, S.A., Lubchenco J. 2008. Resilience, robustness, and marine\r\necosystem based management. Bioscience 58, 1-11.\r\n[4] Palumbi S,McLeod KL, Grunbaum D. 2008. Ecosystems in action:\r\nLessons from marine ecology about recovery, resistance, and\r\nreversibility. Bioscience 58 (1): 33-42.\r\n[5] (USCOP) US Commission on Ocean Policy. 2004. An Ocean Blueprint\r\nfor the 21st Century.Washington (DC): USCOP.\r\n[6] Borja, A., D.M. Dauer, 2008. Assessing the environmental quality status\r\nin estuarine and coastal systems: comparing methodologies and indices.\r\nEcological Indicators, 8(4): 331-337.\r\n[7] Windhorst, W., Colijn, F., Kabuta, S., Remi Laane, R., Lenhart, H.J.\r\n2005. Defining a good ecological status of coastal waters \u00d4\u00c7\u00f6 a case\r\nstudy for the Elbe plume. Environmental\r\n[8] Pereira, G.C., Coutinho, R., Ebecken, N.F.F. 2008. Data Mining for\r\nenvironmental analysis and diagnostic: a case study of upwelling\r\necosystem of Arraial do Cabo. Brazilian Journal of Oceanography\r\n56(1):1-12.\r\n[9] Norberg, J. 2004. Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning: A complex\r\nadaptive systems approach. Limnol. Oceanogr., 49(4, part 2), 1269-\r\n1277.\r\n[10] Raffaelli, D., Van den Putten, W. H., Person, L., Wardle, D. A., Petchey,\r\nO. L., Koricheva, J., Van den Heijden, M. G. A., 2002. Multi-trophic\r\nprocesses and ecosystem function. In Biodiversity and Ecosystem\r\nFunctioning. Ed. By M. Loreau,\r\n[11] Dunne, J.A., Williams, R.J., Martinez, N.D., 2002. Network structure\r\nand biodiversity loss in food webs: robustness increases with\r\nconnectance. Ecol. Lett. 5, 558-567.\r\n[12] Huxel, G.R., Mc Cann, K. 1998. Food Web Stability: The Influence of\r\nTrophic Flows across Habitats. The American Naturalist 152 (3), 460-\r\n469. Jord\u251c\u00edn, F., W-C. Liu and A.J. Davis. 2006.\r\n[13] Albert R, Jeong H. Barab\u251c\u00edsi AL, 2000, Error and attack tolerance of\r\ncomplex network. Nature 406: 378-382.\r\n[14] Strogatz SH, 2001. Exploring complex networks. Nature 420: 268-276.\r\n[15] Kolasa, J., 2005. Complexity, system integration, and susceptibility to\r\nchange: biodiversity connection. Ecol. Complex. 2, 431-442. Levin SA,\r\n[16] Libralato, S., V. Christensen and D. Pauly. 2006. A method for\r\nidentifying keystone species in food web models. Ecological Modeling\r\n195:153-171.\r\n[17] Gonzalez AMM, Dalsgaard B, Olesen JM, 2010. Centrality measures\r\nand the importance of generalist species in pollination network.\r\nEcological Complexity 7, 36-43.\r\n[18] Castelao, R. M., Barth, J. A., 2005. Upwelling around Cabo Frio,\r\nBrazil: The importance of wind stress curl, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33,\r\nL03602.\r\n[19] Pereira, G. C., Evsukoff, A., and Ebecken, N. F. F. 2009. Fuzzy\r\nmodelling of chlorophyll production in a Brazilian upwelling system,\r\nEcol. Model., 220, 1506- 1512.\r\n[20] Pereira, G.C., Ebecken, N.F.F. 2009. Knowledge discovering for coastal\r\nwaters classification. Expert Systems with Applications 36, 8604-8609.\r\n[21] Newman, M.E.J. 2003. A measure of betweenness centrality based on\r\nrandom walks. Arxiv preprint cond-mat\/0309045. 1-15 pp.\r\n[22] Shivaram, N. 2005. The Betweenness Centrality of Biological Networks.\r\nThesis of the Faculty of Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State\r\nUniversity. 74p.","publisher":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology","index":"Open Science Index 67, 2012"}