@article{(Open Science Index):https://publications.waset.org/pdf/13909,
	  title     = {Effects of Computer–Based Instructional Designs among Pupils of Different Music Intelligence Levels},
	  author    = {Aldalalah and  M. Osamah and  Soon Fook Fong},
	  country	= {},
	  institution	= {},
	  abstract     = {The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of computer–based instructional designs, namely modality and redundancy principles on the attitude and learning of music theory among primary pupils of different Music Intelligence levels. The lesson of music theory was developed in three different modes, audio and image (AI), text with image (TI) and audio with image and text (AIT). The independent variables were the three modes of courseware. The moderator variable was music intelligence. The dependent variables were the post test score. ANOVA was used to determine the significant differences of the pretest scores among the three groups. Analyses of covariance (ANCOVA) and Post hoc were carried out to examine the main effects as well as the interaction effects of the independent variables on the dependent variables. High music intelligence pupils performed significantly better than low music intelligence pupils in all the three treatment modes. The AI mode was found to help pupils with low music intelligence significantly more than the TI and AIT modes.
},
	    journal   = {International Journal of Educational and Pedagogical Sciences},
	  volume    = {4},
	  number    = {3},
	  year      = {2010},
	  pages     = {216 - 224},
	  ee        = {https://publications.waset.org/pdf/13909},
	  url   	= {https://publications.waset.org/vol/39},
	  bibsource = {https://publications.waset.org/},
	  issn  	= {eISSN: 1307-6892},
	  publisher = {World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology},
	  index 	= {Open Science Index 39, 2010},
	}