WASET
	@article{(Open Science Index):https://publications.waset.org/pdf/1262,
	  title     = {Effect of Wood Vinegar for Controlling on Housefly (Musca domestica L.)},
	  author    = {U. Pangnakorn and  S. Kanlaya and  C. Kuntha},
	  country	= {},
	  institution	= {},
	  abstract     = {Raw wood vinegar was purified by both standing and
filtering methods. Toxicity tests were conducted under laboratory
conditions by the topical application method (contact poison) and
feeding method (stomach poison). Larvicidal activities of wood
vinegar at four different concentrations (10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 %)
were studied against second instar larvae of housefly (Musca
domestica L.). Four replicates were maintained for all treatments and
controls. Larval mortality was recorded up to 96 hours and compared
with the larval survivability by two methods of larvicidal bioassay.
Percent pupation and percent adult emergence were observed in
treated M. domestica. The study revealed that the feeding method
gave higher efficiency compared with the topical application method.
Larval mortality increased with increasing concentration of wood
vinegar and the duration of exposure. No mortality was found in
treated M. domestica larvae at minimum 10% concentration of wood
vinegar through the experiments. The treated larvae were maintained
up to pupa and adult emergence. At 30% maximum concentration
larval duration was extended to 11 days in M. domestica for topical
application method and 9 days for feeding method. Similarly the
pupal durations were also increased with increased concentrations
(16 and 24 days for topical application method and feeding method
respectively at 30% concentration) of the treatments.},
	    journal   = {International Journal of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering},
	  volume    = {6},
	  number    = {5},
	  year      = {2012},
	  pages     = {291 - 294},
	  ee        = {https://publications.waset.org/pdf/1262},
	  url   	= {https://publications.waset.org/vol/65},
	  bibsource = {https://publications.waset.org/},
	  issn  	= {eISSN: 1307-6892},
	  publisher = {World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology},
	  index 	= {Open Science Index 65, 2012},
	}