{"title":"Measurement and Evaluation of Outdoor Lighting Environment at Night in Residential Community in China: A Case Study of Hangzhou","authors":"Jiantao Weng, Yujie Zhao","volume":152,"journal":"International Journal of Architectural and Environmental Engineering","pagesStart":438,"pagesEnd":443,"ISSN":"1307-6892","URL":"https:\/\/publications.waset.org\/pdf\/10010651","abstract":"
With the improvement of living quality and demand for nighttime activities in China, the current situation of outdoor lighting environment at night needs to be assessed. Lighting environment at night plays an important role to guarantee night safety. Two typical residential communities in Hangzhou were selected. A comprehensive test method of outdoor lighting environment at night was established. The road, fitness area, landscape, playground and entrance were included. Field measurements and questionnaires were conducted in these two residential communities. The characteristics of residents’ habits and the subjective evaluation on different aspects of outdoor lighting environment at night were collected via questionnaire. A safety evaluation system on the outdoor lighting environment at night in the residential community was established. The results show that there is a big difference in illumination in different areas. The lighting uniformities of roads cannot meet the requirement of lighting standard in China. Residents pay more attention to the lighting environment of the fitness area and road than others. This study can provide guidance for the design and management of outdoor lighting environment at night.<\/p>\r\n","references":"[1]\tR. Elvik, A. H\u00f8ye, T. Vaa, M. S\u00f8rensen, The handbook of road safety measures, Second edi, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, Bingley, 2009, pp. 15-33.\r\n[2]\tP.O. Wanvik, \u201cRoad Lighting and Traffic Safety: Do we need Road Lighting?,\u201d Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 2009.\r\n[3]\tM. Patel, A. Parmar, V. Patel, D.M. Patel, \u201cRoad lighting as an accident countermeasure,\u201d Int. J. Civ. Eng. Technol., vol. 5, 2014, pp. 296\u2013304. (Online). Available: http:\/\/www.cie.co.at\/publications\/road-lighting- accident-countermeasure.\r\n[4]\tZhejiang Public Security Department Traffic Management Bureau Office of Vehicle Management, \u201c5 to 8 PM is the most dangerous time: nearly 1,000 people died in traffic accidents during this time last year in zhejiang province,\u201d 2017. (Online). Available: http:\/\/news.163.com\/17\/0112\/12\/ CAJ4D3UJ000187VE.html.\r\n[5]\tS. Fotios, R. Gibbons, \u201cRoad lighting research for drivers and pedestrians: The basis of luminance and illuminance recommendations,\u201d Light. Res. Technol., vol.50, 2018, pp. 154\u2013186. doi:10.1177\/1477153517739055.\r\n[6]\tCIE, \u201cCIE 115:2010 Lighting of roads for motor and pedestrian traffic,\u201d 2010.\r\n[7]\tCIE, \u201cCIE Workshop on a New Vision of Visibility for Roadway Lighting,\u201d 2018. (Online). Available: http:\/\/files.cie.co.at\/CIE Expert Workshop A New Vision of Visibility for Roadway Lighting, May. pdf.\r\n[8]\tJ. Xiao, A. Hilton, \u201cAn Investigation of Soundscape Factors Influencing Perceptions of Square Dancing in Urban Streets: A Case Study in a County Level City in China,\u201d Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. Vol. 16, 2019.\r\n[9]\tMinistry of Construction of China, \u201cStandard for lighting design of urban road CJJ 45-2006,\u201d 2006.\r\n[10]\tStreetscape, (Online). Available: https:\/\/map.baidu.com\/.\r\n[11]\tAQSIQ, SAC, \u201cMeasurement methods for lighting GB\/T 5700-2008,\u201d 2008.\r\n[12]\tMOHURD, \u201cCode for lighting design of urban nightscape JGJ\/T 163-2008,\u201d 2008.\r\n[13]\tThe Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, \u201cPublic lighting design manual,\u201d 2016.\r\n[14]\tJapan Road Association, \u201cStandard for road lighting explanation,\u201d 2007.","publisher":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology","index":"Open Science Index 152, 2019"}