@article{(Open Science Index):https://publications.waset.org/pdf/10006654,
	  title     = {Evaluation of Top-down and Bottom-up Leadership Development Programs in a Finnish Company},
	  author    = {Kati Skarp and  Keijo Varis and  Juha Kettunen},
	  country	= {},
	  institution	= {},
	  abstract     = {The purpose of this paper is to examine and evaluate the top-down and bottom-up leadership development programs focused on human capital that improve the performance of a company. This study reports on the external top-down leadership development program supported by a consulting company and the internal participatory action research of the bottom-up program. The sickness rate and the lost time incident failure rate decreased and the ideas produced for cost savings improved, leading to increased earnings during the top-down program. The estimated cost savings potential of the bottom-up program was 3.8 million euro based on the cost savings of meeting habits, maintenance practices and the way of working in production. The results of this study are useful for those who plan and evaluate leadership development and human capital productivity consultation programs to improve the performance of a company.
},
	    journal   = {International Journal of Economics and Management Engineering},
	  volume    = {11},
	  number    = {4},
	  year      = {2017},
	  pages     = {781 - 786},
	  ee        = {https://publications.waset.org/pdf/10006654},
	  url   	= {https://publications.waset.org/vol/124},
	  bibsource = {https://publications.waset.org/},
	  issn  	= {eISSN: 1307-6892},
	  publisher = {World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology},
	  index 	= {Open Science Index 124, 2017},
	}