Aleksandrs Kovalcuks and Mara Duma
Distribution of Phospholipids, Cholesterol and Carotenoids in TwoSolvent System during Egg Yolk Oil Solvent Extraction
323 - 328
2016
10
5
International Journal of Nutrition and Food Engineering
https://publications.waset.org/pdf/10006158
https://publications.waset.org/vol/113
World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology
Egg yolk oil is a concentrated source of egg bioactive compounds, such as fatsoluble vitamins, phospholipids, cholesterol, carotenoids and others. To extract lipids and other fatsoluble nutrients from liquid egg yolk, a twostep extraction process involving polar (ethanol) and nonpolar (hexane) solvents were used. This extraction technique was based on egg yolk bioactive compounds polarities, where nonpolar compound was extracted into nonpolar hexane, but polar in to polar alcoholwater phase. But many egg yolk bioactive compounds are not strongly polar or nonpolar. Egg yolk phospholipids, cholesterol and pigments are amphipatic (have both polar and nonpolar regions) and their behavior in ethanolhexane solvent system is not clear. The aim of this study was to clarify the behavior of phospholipids, cholesterol and carotenoids during extraction of egg yolk oil with ethanol and hexane and determine the loss of these compounds in egg yolk oil. Egg yolks and egg yolk oil were analyzed for phospholipids (phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE)), cholesterol and carotenoids (lutein, zeaxanthin, canthaxanthin and βcarotene) content using GCFID and HPLC methods. PC and PE are polar lipids and were extracted into polar ethanol phase. Concentration of PC in ethanol was 97.89 and PE 99.81 from total egg yolk phospholipids. Due to cholesterol’s partial extraction into ethanol, cholesterol content in egg yolk oil was reduced in comparison to its total content presented in egg yolk lipids. The highest amount of lutein and zeaxanthin was concentrated in ethanol extract. The opposite situation was observed with canthaxanthin and βcarotene, which became the main pigments of egg yolk oil.
Open Science Index 113, 2016