{"title":"Combining ASTER Thermal Data and Spatial-Based Insolation Model for Identification of Geothermal Active Areas","authors":"Khalid Hussein, Waleed Abdalati, Pakorn Petchprayoon, Khaula Alkaabi","volume":99,"journal":"International Journal of Geological and Environmental Engineering","pagesStart":264,"pagesEnd":272,"ISSN":"1307-6892","URL":"https:\/\/publications.waset.org\/pdf\/10005236","abstract":"
In this study, we integrated ASTER thermal data with an area-based spatial insolation model to identify and delineate geothermally active areas in Yellowstone National Park (YNP). Two pairs of L1B ASTER day- and nighttime scenes were used to calculate land surface temperature. We employed the Emissivity Normalization Algorithm which separates temperature from emissivity to calculate surface temperature. We calculated the incoming solar radiation for the area covered by each of the four ASTER scenes using an insolation model and used this information to compute temperature due to solar radiation. We then identified the statistical thermal anomalies using land surface temperature and the residuals calculated from modeled temperatures and ASTER-derived surface temperatures. Areas that had temperatures or temperature residuals greater than 2σ and between 1σ and 2σ were considered ASTER-modeled thermal anomalies. The areas identified as thermal anomalies were in strong agreement with the thermal areas obtained from the YNP GIS database. Also the YNP hot springs and geysers were located within areas identified as anomalous thermal areas. The consistency between our results and known geothermally active areas indicate that thermal remote sensing data, integrated with a spatial-based insolation model, provides an effective means for identifying and locating areas of geothermal activities over large areas and rough terrain.<\/p>\r\n","references":"[1]\tM. F. Coolbuagh, C. Kratt, A. Fallacaro, W. M. Calvin, and J. V. Taranik, \u201cDetection of geothermal anomalies using Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) thermal infrared images at Brady\u2019s Hot Springs, Nevada, USA\u201d, Remote Sensing of Environment, vol. 106, pp. 350-359, 2007.\r\n[2]\tM. Eneva, M.Coolbaugh, S. Bjornstad, and J. Combs, \u201cDetection of surface temperature anomalies in the Coso Geothermal Field using thermal infrared remote sensing. GRC Transaction\u201d, vol. 31, pp. 335-340, 2007.\r\n[3]\tM. Eneva, M. Coolbaugh, and J. Combs, \u201cApplication of satellite thermal infrared imagery to geothermal exploration in east central California. GRC Transaction\u201d vol. 30, pp. 407-411, 2006.\r\n[4]\tM. Eneva, and M. Coolbaugh, \u201cImportance of elevation and temperature inversions for the interpretation of thermal infrared satellite images used in geothermal exploration\u201d, GRC Transaction, vol. 33, pp. 467-470, 2009. \r\n[5]\tR. G. Vaughan, L. P. Keszthelyi, J. B. Lowenstern, C. Jaworowski, and H. Heasler, \u201cUse of ASTER and MODIS thermal infrared data to quantify heat flow and hydrothermal change at Yellowstone National Park\u201d, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, vol. 233-234, pp. 72-79, 2012.\r\n[6]\tA. Gillespie, S. Rokugawa, T. Matsunaga, S. J. Cothern, S. Hook, and B. A. Kahle, \u201cA temperature and emissivity separation algorithm for Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) images\u201d, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 1113-1126, 1998.\r\n[7]\tD. Anding, and R. Kauth, \u201cEstimation of sea surface temperature from space\u201d, Remote Sensing of Environment, vol. 1, pp. 217-220, 1970.\r\n[8]\tI. J. Barton, \u201cTransmission model and ground-truth investigation of satellite derived sea surface temperatures\u201d, Climate and Applied Metrology, vol. 24, pp. 508-516, 1985.\r\n[9]\tA. K. Kilpatrick, P. G., Podestfi, and R. Evans, \u201cOverview of the NOAA\/NASA advanced very high resolution radiometer Pathfinder algorithm for sea surface temperature and associated matchup database\u201d, Geophysical Research, vol. 106, no. C5, 9179-9197, 2001.\r\n[10]\tC. D. McConaghy, \u201cMeasuring sea surface temperature from satellites. Remote Sensing of Environment\u201d, vol. 10, pp. 307-310, 1980.\r\n[11]\tM. L. McMillin, and S. D. Crosby, \u201cTheory and validation of the multiple window sea surface temperature technique\u201d, Geophysical Research, vol. 89, no. C3, pp. 3655-3661, 1984.\r\n[12]\tE. V. Noble, and C. J. Wilkerson, \u201cSea surface temperature mapping flights-Norwegian Sea, summer 1968\u2019. Remote Sensing of Environment, vol. 1, pp. 187-193, 1970.\r\n[13]\tC. Walton, \u201cSatellite measurement of sea surface temperature in the presence of volcanic aerosols. Climate and Applied Meteorology\u201d, vol. 24, no. 6, pp. 501-507, 1985.\r\n[14]\tC. Prabhakara, G. Dalu, and G. V. Kunde, \u201cEstimation of sea surface temperature from remote sensing in the 11- to 13-3\u00b5m window region\u201d, Geophysical Research vol. 79, no. 33, pp. 5039-5044, 1974.\r\n[15]\tS. P. Kealy, and J. S. Hook, \u201cSeparating temperature and emissivity in thermal infrared multispectral scanner data: Implications for recovering land surface temperatures\u201d, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 31, no. 6, pp. 1155-1164, 1993.\r\n[16]\tJ. S. Hook, R. A. Gabell, A. A. Green, and S. P. Kealy, \u201cA comparison of techniques for extracting emissivity information from thermal infrared data for geologic studies\u201d, Remote Sensing of Environment, vol. 42, pp. 123-135, 1992.\r\n[17]\tS. Tang, Q. Zhu, X. Bai, S. Yang, Y. Shuai, and Q. Bu, \u201cA TES algorithm based on corrected Alpha Difference Spectra\u201d IEEE, pp. 450-4503, 2004.\r\n[18]\tS. Tang, X. Li, J. Wang, Q. Zhu, and L. Zhang, \u201cAn improved TES based on the corrected ALPHA difference spectrum\u201d, Science in China Series D-Earth Sciences, vol. 50, no. 2, pp. 274-282, 2007.\r\n[19]\tP. Fu, and M. P. Rich, Design and implementation of the Solar Analyst: an ArcView extension for modeling solar radiation at landscape scales. Proceedings of the Nineteenth Annual ESRI User Conference, 1999.\r\n[20]\tP. Fu, and M. P. Rich, \u201cA Geometric Solar Radiation Model with Applications in Agriculture and Forestry. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture\u201d, vol. 37, pp. 25\u201335, 2002.\r\n[21]\tSpatial Analysis Center, \u201cYellowstone National Park. Hydrogeothermal Areas of Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, Montana, Idaho (Unpublished work)\u201d, Online-Linkage: \\\\inpyellgis2\\data\\yell_data\\geothermal\\y_thermarea, unpublished. \r\n[22]\tC. A. Wood, and J. Kienle, \u201cVolcanoes of North America: United States and Canada\u201d: Cambridge University Press, contribution by Christiansen, R. L, 354 p, 1990.","publisher":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology","index":"Open Science Index 99, 2015"}