Comparing Abused and Normal Male Students in Tehran Guidance Schools: Emphasizing the Co-Dependency of Their Mothers
Commenced in January 2007
Frequency: Monthly
Edition: International
Paper Count: 32794
Comparing Abused and Normal Male Students in Tehran Guidance Schools: Emphasizing the Co-Dependency of Their Mothers

Authors: Mohamad Saleh Sangin Ostadi, Esmail Safari, Somayeh Akbari, Kaveh Qaderi Bagajan

Abstract:

The aim of this study is to compare abused and normal male students in Tehran guidance schools with emphasis on the co-dependency of their mothers. The method of this study is based on survey method and comparison (Ex-Post Facto). The method of sampling is also multi-stage cluster. Accordingly, we did sampling from secondary schools of education and training in Tehran, including 12 schools with levels of first, second and third. Each of the schools represents the three – high, medium and low- economic and social conditions. In the following, three classes from every school and 20 students from each class were randomly selected. By (CTQ) abused and normal students were separated that 670 children were recognized as normal and 50 children as abused. Then, 50 children were randomly selected from normal group and compared with abused group. Using Spanned-Fischer Co-dependency Scale, we compared mothers of abused and normal students. The results showed that mothers of the abused children have higher co- dependency average comparing to the mothers of the normal children.

Keywords: Co-dependency, child abuse, abused children, parental psychological health.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1338945

Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 1654

References:


[1] Grellman, R. (2013). What is co-dependency. Therapist’s Guide to Clinical Intervention. [email protected]
[2] Farsham, A., Mobaseri, M. And Davoodi, I. (2014). The relationship between depression and attachment styles with female students, Personality and Individual Differences Journal. No. 5(3): 61-74.
[3] Drew, J. (2009). Codependency, in Sex and Society. New York: Roberts Inc.
[4] Bradshaw, J (1990). “Is Everyone Codependent? Utne Reader, May/June, p. 26.
[5] Martsolf DS, Hughes-Hummer C, Estok P, Zeller R. Codependency in male and female helping professionals. Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 1999; 13(2):97- 103
[6] Khoshabi, K. (2008). Child abuse: types of physical, sexual, emotional abuse and inattention to infants, Tehran, Ghatreh Publications
[7] Norman RE, Byambaa M, De R, et al.) 2012) The long-term health consequences of child physical abuse, emotional abuse, and neglect. A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Med 2012; 9: e 1001349.
[8] Yekta, M., Bagherian, F. & Salehi Nezhad, M.A. (2011). The attitudes of adults toward child abuse. Social and Behavioral Sciences 30 (2011):278 – 282.
[9] Afifi, T. O., MacMillan, H.L., Taillieu, T., Cheung, K., Turner, S., Tonmyr, L. & Hovdestad, W. (2015). Relationship between child abuse exposure and reported contact with child protection organizations: Results from the Canadian Community Health Survey. Child Abuse & Neglect 46 (2015):198–206.
[10] Seydi, M. (2007). Sorrowful for life, Tehran, Shirazeh.
[11] Ghomashchi, F. (2008). Child abuse and its consequences on the psychological-social development of abused children. Tehran: law enforcement social assistance Publications. 48-56.
[12] Baird, S. C. (1988). Development of risk assessment indices for the Alaska Department of Health and Social Service. In: Validation Research in CPS Risk Assessment: Three Recent Studies (ed Tatara T.), pp. 91-136. American Public Welfare Association.
[13] Edleson, J. L. (1999), Problem with children's witnessing of domestic violence, National Electronic Network on violence against women, Available in www.vaw.umn.edu.
[14] Mesghali, Sh., Aghaii, A. and Ghorbani, M (2014). Comparison of codependence and common marital satisfaction of normal married women and on the verge of divorce. Knowledge and research in applied psychology. 15 (58): 4-16.
[15] Motiyan, S., Ghorbani, M. and Golparvar, M. (2014). Codependency relationship with emotion regulation difficulties in women in Isfahan. Journal of Clinical Psychology.6 (1):35.-40.
[16] Khak Rangin, M. & Fathi, M. (2008). Family factors associated with child abuse: Journal of Social Welfare. 9 (33):41-52.
[17] Kholasezadeh, G., Basharsost, N., Ahmadi, N., & Dastgerdi, Gh. (2007). Investigation of the prevalence of child abuse in the addicted people who referred to Khodmarouf addiction disuse clinic in Yazd, Journal of Medical Sciences, Shahid Sadoghi Yazd. 18(3): 199-206.
[18] Haji Aliakbari, N. (2015). Comparing your unconditional acceptance, loneliness and control source among codependent and non-codependent persons. Personality psychology master's thesis. Islamic Azad, University: Karaj.
[19] Tayebi, M. (2014). Social factors affecting the phenomenon of child abuse. Bachelor science thesis of Social Work Allameh Tabatabai University: Tehran. 47-61.
[20] Ezazi, Sh. (2001). Sociology of the family. Intellectual Publications and women studies.pp.56.
[21] Bernstien, D. P., Fink, L., Handelsman, L., Foote, J., Lovejoy, M., Wenzel, K., Sapareto, E. & Ruggeiro, J. (1994). Initial reliability and validity of a new retrospective of child-abuse and neglect. American Journal of Psychiatry 151(8), 1132-1136.
[22] Shahni-Yeylagh M, Mikaeili N, Shokorkon H, Haghighi J. The prevalence of child abuse and parental mental health predicted by these variable, adaptability, self-esteem and academic performance in students and demographic variables in girl students abused and normal junior school ahwaz Persian. J Educ Psychol Shahid Chamran University Ahwaz 2007; 3: 167-194.
[23] Paivio, S. C., & Cramer, K. M. (2004). Factor structure and reliability of the childhood trauma questionnaire in a Canadian undergraduate student sample. Child Abuse & Neglect, 28, 889- 904
[24] Ashraf, S. M., H. (2010). Spann-Fischer codependency and codependency validating test on Mashhad’s women. Journal of research on addiction drug abuse, 4 (15):15-16.
[25] Knudson, Theresa M.; Terrell, Heather K (2012). Codependency Perceived Inter Parental Conflict, and Substance Abuse in the Family of Origin. American Journal of Family Therapy, Volume 40, Number 3, 1 May 2012, pages 245-257.