Strength and Permeability of the Granular Pavement Materials Treated with Polyacrylamide Based Additive
Commenced in January 2007
Frequency: Monthly
Edition: International
Paper Count: 32769
Strength and Permeability of the Granular Pavement Materials Treated with Polyacrylamide Based Additive

Authors: Romel N. Georgees, Rayya A Hassan, Robert P. Evans, Piratheepan Jegatheesan

Abstract:

Among other traditional and non-traditional additives, polymers have shown an efficient performance in the field and improved sustainability. Polyacrylamide (PAM) is one such additive that has demonstrated many advantages including a reduction in permeability, an increase in durability and the provision of strength characteristics. However, information about its effect on the improved geotechnical characteristics is very limited to the field performance monitoring. Therefore, a laboratory investigation was carried out to examine the basic and engineering behaviors of three types of soils treated with a PAM additive. The results showed an increase in dry density and unconfined compressive strength for all the soils. The results further demonstrated an increase in unsoaked CBR and a reduction in permeability for all stabilized samples.

Keywords: CBR, Hydraulic conductivity, PAM, Unconfined compressive strength.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1338927

Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 1917

References:


[1] Chamberlain, P, 'Polymers as soil conditioners', Chemistry in Britain, 1988, vol. 24, pp. 144-6.
[2] Lahalih, SM & Ahmed, N, 'Effect of new soil stabilizers on the compressive strength of dune sand', Construction and building Materials, 1998, vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 321-328.
[3] Iyengar, SR, Masad, E, Rodriguez, AK, Bazzi, HS, Little, D & Hanley, HJ, 'Pavement Subgrade Stabilization Using Polymers: Characterization and Performance', Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 2012, vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 472-483.
[4] Wilmot, TD, 'Selection of additives for stabilisation and recycling of road pavements,' Proceedings-australian road research board, Australian road research board ltd, 1994, 25-35.
[5] Andrews, R & Duffy, P, 'Polymer Stabilisation and Best Value Management of Unsealed Road Networks', Road & Transport Research: A Journal of Australian and New Zealand Research and Practice, 2008, vol. 17, no. 3, p. 59.
[6] Santoni, RL, Tingle, JS & Nieves, M, 'Accelerated strength improvement of silty sand with nontraditional additives', Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2005, vol. 1936, no. 1, pp. 34-42.
[7] Austroads 2006a, Guide to pavement technology: part 4L: stabilising Binders, Austroads, Australia.
[8] Seybold, C, 'Polyacrylamide review: Soil conditioning and environmental fate', Communications in Soil Science & Plant Analysis, 1994, vol. 25, no. 11-12, pp. 2171-2185.
[9] Wallace, A & Terry, RE, Handbook of soil conditioners: Substances that enhance the physical properties of soil, Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, 1998.
[10] Hefer, AW, Little, DN & Lytton, RL, 'A Synthesis of Theories and Mechanisms of Bitumen-Aggregate Adhesion Including Recent Advances in Quantifying the Effects of Water (With Discussion)', Journal of the association of asphalt paving technologists, 2005, vol. 74.
[11] Santoni, RL, Tingle, JS & Webster, SL, 'Stabilization of silty sand with nontraditional additives', Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2002, vol. 1787, no. 1, pp. 61-70.
[12] Ben-Hur, M, Malik, M, Letey, J & Mingelgrin, U, 'Adsorption of polymers on clays as affected by clay charge and structure, polymer properties, and water quality', Soil science, 1992, vol. 153, no. 5, pp. 349-356.
[13] Orts, WJ, Roa-Espinosa, A, Sojka, RE, Glenn, GM, Imam, SH, Erlacher, K & Pedersen, JS, 'Use of synthetic polymers and biopolymers for soil stabilization in agricultural, construction, and military applications', Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 2007, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 58-66.
[14] Li, Y, Shao, M & Horton, R, 'Effect of Polyacrylamide Applications on Soil Hydraulic Characteristics and Sediment Yield of Sloping Land', Procedia Environmental Sciences, 2011, vol. 11, pp. 763-773.
[15] Miller, W, Willis, R & Levy, G, 'Aggregate stabilization in kaolinitic soils by low rates of anionic polyacrylamide', Soil use and management, 1998, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 101-105.
[16] Camarena, S, 'Sustainable road maintenance and construction utilising new technologies,' International Public Works Conference, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia, 2013.
[17] Yongfeng, D, Songyu, L, Jian’an, H, Kan, L, Yanjun, D & Fei, J, 'Strength and Permeability of Cemented Soil with PAM.,' Grouting and Deep Mixing 2012, ASCE, 1800-1807.
[18] AS 2009a, Methods of testing soils for engineering purposes Method 3.6.1: soil classification tests- determination of the particle size distribution of a soil-Standard method of analysis by sieving, Australia.
[19] AS 2003a, Methods of testing soils for engineering purposes Method 3.6.3: Soil classification tests- Determination of the particle size distribution of a soil-Standard method of fine analysis using hydrometer, Australia.
[20] AS 2009b, Methods of testing soils for engineering purposes Method 3.2.1: soil classification tests- Determination of the plastic limit of a soil—Standard method, Australia.
[21] AS 2009c, Methods of testing soils for engineering purposes Method 3.1.1: Soil classification tests - Determination of the liquid limit of a soil - Four point Casagrande method Australia.
[22] AS 2002, Methods of testing soils for engineering purposes method 3.9.1: Soil classification tests - Determination of the cone liquid limit of a soil Australia.
[23] ASTM 2011, Standard practice for classification of soils for engineering purposes (unified soil classification system), West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
[24] AS 2001a, Methods of testing soils for engineering purposes Method 1.1: Sampling and preparation of soils-Preparation of disturbed soil samples for testing, Australia.
[25] AS 2003b, Methods of testing soils for engineering purposes Method 5.2.1: Soil compaction and density tests—Determination of the dry density/moisture content relation of a soil using modified compactive effort, Australia.
[26] Georgees, RN, Hassan, RA, Evans, RP & Jegatheesan, P, 'Effect of the Use of a Polymeric Stabilizing Additive on Unconfined Compressive Strength of Soils', Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2015, vol. 2473, pp. 200-208.
[27] AS 2008, Methods for preparation and testing of stabilized materials Method 4: Unconfined compressive strength of compacted materials, Australia.
[28] ASTM 2008, Standard Test Method for Unconfined Compressive Strength of Cohesive Soil, USA.
[29] AS 1998, Methods of testing soils for engineering purposes Method 6.1.1: Soil strength and consolidation tests-determination of the california bearing ratioo of a soil- standard laboratory method for a remoulded specimen, Australia.
[30] AS 2001b, Methods of testing soils for engineering purposes Method 6.7.2: Soil Strength and consolidation tests- determination of permeability of a soil- Falling head method for a remoulded specimen, Australia.
[31] Malik, M & Letey, J, 'Adsorption of polyacrylamide and polysaccharide polymers on soil materials', Soil Science Society of America Journal, 1991, vol. 55, no. 2, pp. 380-383.
[32] Austroads 2006b, Guide to pavement technology: part 4D: stabilised materials, Austroads, Australia.
[33] Terzaghi, K, Peck, RB & Mesri, G, Soil mechanics in engineering practice, John Wiley & Sons, 1996.
[34] Sojka, R, Bjorneberg, D, Entry, J, Lentz, R & Orts, W, 'Polyacrylamide in agriculture and environmental land management', Advances in Agronomy, 2007, vol. 92, pp. 75-162.