{"title":"Variability of Hydrological Modeling of the Blue Nile","authors":"Abeer Samy, Oliver C. Saavedra Valeriano, Abdelazim Negm","volume":99,"journal":"International Journal of Environmental and Ecological Engineering","pagesStart":225,"pagesEnd":230,"ISSN":"1307-6892","URL":"https:\/\/publications.waset.org\/pdf\/10000744","abstract":"
The Blue Nile Basin is the most important tributary of
\r\nthe Nile River. Egypt and Sudan are almost dependent on water
\r\noriginated from the Blue Nile. This multi-dependency creates
\r\nconflicts among the three countries Egypt, Sudan, and Ethiopia
\r\nmaking the management of these conflicts as an international issue.
\r\nGood assessment of the water resources of the Blue Nile is an
\r\nimportant to help in managing such conflicts. Hydrological models
\r\nare good tool for such assessment. This paper presents a critical
\r\nreview of the nature and variability of the climate and hydrology of
\r\nthe Blue Nile Basin as a first step of using hydrological modeling to
\r\nassess the water resources of the Blue Nile. Many several attempts
\r\nare done to develop basin-scale hydrological modeling on the Blue
\r\nNile. Lumped and semi distributed models used averages of
\r\nmeteorological inputs and watershed characteristics in hydrological
\r\nsimulation, to analyze runoff for flood control and water resource
\r\nmanagement. Distributed models include the temporal and spatial
\r\nvariability of catchment conditions and meteorological inputs to
\r\nallow better representation of the hydrological process. The main
\r\nchallenge of all used models was to assess the water resources of the
\r\nbasin is the shortage of the data needed for models calibration and
\r\nvalidation. It is recommended to use distributed model for their
\r\nhigher accuracy to cope with the great variability and complexity of
\r\nthe Blue Nile basin and to collect sufficient data to have more
\r\nsophisticated and accurate hydrological modeling.<\/p>\r\n","references":"[1] Y. Arsano and I. Tamrat, \u201cEthiopia and the Eastern Nile Basin,\u201d Aquat.\r\nSci., vol. 67, no. 1, pp. 15\u201327, Mar. 2005.\r\n[2] T. Beyene, D. P. Lettenmaier, and P. Kabat, \u201cHydrologic impacts of\r\nclimate change on the Nile River Basin: implications of the 2007 IPCC\r\nscenarios,\u201d Clim. Change, vol. 100, no. 3\u20134, pp. 433\u2013461, Oct. 2009.\r\n[3] A. D. Yilma and S. B. Awulachew, \u201cCharacterization and Atlas of the\r\nBlue Nile Basin and its Sub basins,\u201d Water Manag., 2009.\r\n[4] U. Kim and J. J. Kaluarachchi, \u201cClimate change impacts on water\r\nresources in the upper Blue Nile River Basin, Ethiopia,\u201d J. Am. Water\r\nResour. Assoc., vol. 45, no. 6, pp. 1361\u20131378, 2009.\r\n[5] U. Kim and J. J. 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